Protocol for Efficient Generation and Characterization of Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus vectors are a powerful tool for gene transfer approaches. We have established a simple and fast plasmid-based production system for achieving high adeno-associated virus titers within 6 working days. The same procedure can be used for all serotypes and thus allows direct comparability of different serotypes. In this protocol we describe a step-by-step procedure that results in well-characterized vectors suitable for both in vitro approaches and preclinical studies.
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ELISA involves multiple lengthy incubation and washing steps prior to analysis, for a total turnaround time of 4 to 5 hours, or up to a full working day.
“ELISA involves multiple lengthy incubation and washing steps prior to analysis, for a total turnaround time of 4–5 h, or up to a full working day.26,61, 62, 63”
From Analytical methods for process and product characterization of recombinant adeno-associated virus-based gene therapies (2021) · cites this paper as [26]
ELISA is sufficiently robust and specific to be used on samples with moderate matrix effects and free capsid proteins, such as cell lysates.
“The assay is typically performed after a purification step but is sufficiently robust and specific to be used on samples with moderate matrix effects and free capsid proteins, like cell lysates.26,37,61,85”
From Analytical methods for process and product characterization of recombinant adeno-associated virus-based gene therapies (2021) · cites this paper as [26]
Specificity and robustness to matrix effects are major advantages of ELISA, but its long turnaround time, moderate throughput of only 10 samples per 96-well plate, and labor-intensive sample preparation make it challenging to implement for routine quantification of capsid titer in process development without automated liquid handling.
“Specificity and robustness to matrix effects are major advantages of ELISA, but in considering the long turnaround time, moderate throughput of only 10 samples per 96-well plate, and labor-intensive sample preparation, it is challenging to implement for routine quantification of capsid titer in a process development setting without automated liquid handling.”
From Analytical methods for process and product characterization of recombinant adeno-associated virus-based gene therapies (2021) · cites this paper as [26]
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Levay, M. K., Krobert, K. A., Vogt, A., Ahmad, A. N., Jungmann, A., Neuber, C., Pasch, S., Hansen, A., Müller, O. J., Lutz, S., et al. (2022) · Basic Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00395-022-00915-w · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationAmlodipine improves aortic dysfunction in atherosclerotic mice
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Self-citationDirected Evolution of AAV9 for Efficient Gene Expression in Cardiomyocytes In Vitro and In Vivo
Hüttermann, L., Schröder, L. C., Shetty, P. M. V., Jonker, T., Hille, S. S., Remes, A. K., Matzen, A., Boender, A., Grimm, D., Frank, D., et al. (2025) · Human Gene Therapy · doi:10.1089/hum.2024.126 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationReal-time genome imaging of host interactions in adeno-associated virus genome release
Bustamante-Jaramillo, L. F., Yue, L., Fingal, J., Rydell, G. E., Johansson, M., Edreira, T., Müller, O. J., Hille, S. S., Müller, M., Gallardo, F., et al. (2025) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.112624 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationSelective Enrichment of Full Capsids of Adeno-Associated Virus
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FGFR1/KLB-MFG-E8 Maintains Microvascular Integrity and Adaptive Cardiac Remodeling
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Self-citationTitin cleavage impairs cardiac mechanical connectivity to drive diastolic failure and fibrosisPreprint
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CAMK2D causes heart failure in RBM20 cardiomyopathyPreprint
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Self-citationGenomic G quadruplexes regulate mRNA splicingPreprint
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Restriction of essential amino acids dictates the systemic response to dietary protein dilutionPreprint
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A Coherent Receiver for QPSK and SQPSK Signals
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Molecular mechanisms of TBX5-related conduction disorders
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Self-citationCerebellar pathology contributes to neurodevelopmental deficits in spinal muscular atrophyPreprint
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Endothelial expression of ZBTB16 protects against cardiac agingPreprint
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High Phosphate Load Induces De Novo Formation of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in the Kidney
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Self-citationCAMK2D causes heart failure in mice with RBM20 cardiomyopathy
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Selective titin cleavage disrupts cardiac mechanical homeostasis to drive heart failure and fibrosis
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Self-citationShetty, P. M. V., Matzen, A., Hille, S. S., Michalewski, S., Witthaus, H., Noormalal, M., Marcous, F., Morcos, Y. A. T., Bozoglu, T. M., Sommer, W., et al. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-59187-2
Self-citationFang, S., Wu, J., Shen, Y., Qi, D., Ni, Z., & FengHua, W. A. N. G. (2026) · Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1002/biot.70319
- Authors
- Jungmann, A., Leuchs, B., Rommelaere, J., Katus, H. A., & Müller, O. J.
- Affiliations
- University Hospital Heidelberg (DE)
- German Cancer Research Center (DE)
- Venue
- Human Gene Therapy Methods
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2017-10
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 235-246
- ISSN
- 1946-6536 (ISSN-L)
- 1946-6544
- OpenAlex
- W2975924121
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 3.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Human Gene Therapy Methods (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Virus-based gene therapy research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Keywords
- adeno-associated virus vectors, AAV serotypes, vector characterization, gene transfer, preclinical research
- MeSH terms
- Dependovirus, Centrifugation, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Humans, Plasmids, Quality Control, Transfection, Cell Culture Techniques, HEK293 Cells, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
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