The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Sex as a Biological Variable: A 5-Year Progress Report and Call to Action
Open accessAbstract
A little over 5 years ago, the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced the intention to develop policies to require applicants to report plans to balance male and female cells and animals in preclinical investigations. Soon thereafter, the NIH issued a request for information from the scientific community and consulted with various stakeholders. The feedback received was considered during development of policy requiring the consideration of sex as a biological variable (SABV) in NIH-funded research on vertebrate animals and humans, which went into effect for applications due on or after January 25, 2016. We identified NIH programs related to SABV and reviewed SABV-relevant scientific literature. We find that the application of SABV throughout the research process can serve as a guiding principle to improve the value of biomedical science. The NIH is engaged in ongoing efforts to develop resources to help investigators consider SABV in their research. We also provide an update on lessons learned, highlight ways that different disciplines consider SABV, and describe the opportunities for scientific discovery that applying SABV offers. We call on NIH's various stakeholders to redouble their efforts to integrate SABV throughout the biomedical research enterprise. Sex- and gender-aware investigations are critical to the conduct of rigorous and transparent science and the advancement of personalized medicine. This kind of research achieves its greatest potential when sex and gender considerations are integrated into the biomedical research enterprise in an end-to-end manner, from basic and preclinical investigations, through translational and clinical research, to improved health care delivery.
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Cites
Improving Bioscience Research Reporting: The ARRIVE Guidelines for Reporting Animal Research
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Improving bioscience research reporting: The ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research
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Policy: NIH to balance sex in cell and animal studies
Clayton, J. A., & Collins, F. S. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/509282a · Cited by 1,816
Self-citationPolicy: NIH plans to enhance reproducibility
Collins, F. S., & Tabak, L. A. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/505612a · Cited by 1,247
Sex Differences in Animal Models: Focus on Addiction
Becker, J. B., & Koob, G. F. (2016) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.115.011163 · Cited by 725
Prevalence of sexual dimorphism in mammalian phenotypic traits
Karp, N. A., Mason, J., Beaudet, A. L., Benjamini, Y., Bower, L., Braun, R. E., Brown, S. D. M., Chesler, E. J., Dickinson, M. E., Flenniken, A. M., et al. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms15475 · Cited by 257
Cited by
Reporting and misreporting of sex differences in the biological sciences
Garcia-Sifuentes, Y., & Maney, D. L. (2021) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.70817 · Cited by 241
HUNTER, S. K., S. ANGADI, S., BHARGAVA, A., HARPER, J., HIRSCHBERG, A. L., D. LEVINE, B., L. MOREAU, K., J. NOKOFF, N., STACHENFELD, N. S., & BERMON, S. (2023) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003300 · Cited by 241
Landen, S., Hiam, D., Voisin, S., Jacques, M., Lamon, S., & Eynon, N. (2023) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp279499 · Cited by 137
Doolittle, M. L., Saul, D., Kaur, J., Rowsey, J. L., Vos, S. J., Pavelko, K. D., Farr, J. N., Monroe, D. G., & Khosla, S. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-40393-9 · Cited by 57
Doolittle, M. L., Saul, D., Kaur, J., Rowsey, J. L., Vos, S. J., Pavelko, K. D., Farr, J. N., Monroe, D. G., & Khosla, S. (2023) · doi:10.1101/2023.01.12.523760 · Cited by 57
Hunter, S. K., Angadi, S. S., Bhargava, A., Harper, J., Hirschberg, A. L., Levine, B. D., Moreau, K. L., Nokoff, N. J., Stachenfeld, N. S., & Bermon, S. (2023) · Translational Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1249/tjx.0000000000000236 · Cited by 43
Rountree, L., Lin, Y.-T., Liu, C., Salvatore, M., Admon, A., Nallamothu, B., Singh, K., Basu, A., Bu, F., & Mukherjee, B. (2025) · Online Journal of Public Health Informatics · doi:10.2196/66598 · Cited by 13
Metadata
- Authors
- Arnegard, M. E., Whitten, L. A., Hunter, C., & Clayton, J. A.
- Venue
- Journal of Women's Health
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2020-06-01
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 858-864
- ISSN
- 1059-7115 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9996
- 1931-843X
- OpenAlex
- W3002157325
- Cited by
- 354
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 33.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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