Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Ependymal Ciliary Loss Decreases Cerebral Spinal Fluid Flow
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) afflicts up to 2 million people annually in the United States and is the primary cause of death and disability in young adults and children. Previous TBI studies have focused predominantly on the morphological, biochemical, and functional alterations of gray matter structures, such as the hippocampus. However, little attention has been given to the brain ventricular system, despite the fact that altered ventricular function is known to occur in brain pathologies. In the present study, we investigated anatomical and functional alterations to mouse ventricular cilia that result from mild TBI. We demonstrate that TBI causes a dramatic decrease in cilia. Further, using a particle tracking technique, we demonstrate that cerebrospinal fluid flow is diminished, thus potentially negatively affecting waste and nutrient exchange. Interestingly, injury-induced ventricular system pathology resolves completely by 30 days after injury as ependymal cell ciliogenesis restores cilia density to uninjured levels in the affected lateral ventricle.
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Calcineurin subunit 2 expression decreases following TBI, and its decrease may confer susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease.
“It has been previously reported that calcineurin subunit 2 expression decreases following TBI [165, 166] and its decrease may confer susceptibility to AD [120, 156].”
From Early onset senescence and cognitive impairment in a murine model of repeated mTBI (2021) · cites this paper as [166]
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Early onset senescence and cognitive impairment in a murine model of repeated mTBI
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- Authors
- Xiong, G., Elkind, J. A., Kundu, S., Smith, C. J., Antunes, M. B., Tamashiro, E., Kofonow, J. M., Mitala, C. M., Cole, J., Stein, S. C., Grady, M. S., Einhorn, E., Cohen, N. A., & Cohen, A. S.
- Affiliations
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Philadelphia VA Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cohen, Akiva S.
- Venue
- Journal of Neurotrauma
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-08-15
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 1396-1404
- ISSN
- 0897-7151 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-9042
- PMC
- PMC4132584
- OpenAlex
- W334286216
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 1.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Neurotrauma (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS069629)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD059288, R37HD059288)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Keywords
- traumatic brain injury, ependymal cilia, ciliogenesis, cerebrospinal fluid flow, lateral ventricle, particle tracking, cilia loss, injury recovery
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain Injuries, Cerebral Ventricles, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Cilia, Disease Models, Animal, Ependyma, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Hydrocephalus, Immunohistochemistry, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Mice
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