Chronic Decrease in Wakefulness and Disruption of Sleep-Wake Behavior after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury
Open accessAbstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can cause sleep-wake disturbances and excessive daytime sleepiness. The pathobiology of sleep disorders in TBI, however, is not well understood, and animal models have been underused in studying such changes and potential underlying mechanisms. We used the rat lateral fluid percussion (LFP) model to analyze sleep-wake patterns as a function of time after injury. Rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep, non-REM (NREM) sleep, and wake bouts during light and dark phases were measured with electroencephalography and electromyography at an early as well as chronic time points after LFP. Moderate TBI caused disturbances in the ability to maintain consolidated wake bouts during the active phase and chronic loss of wakefulness. Further, TBI resulted in cognitive impairments and depressive-like symptoms, and reduced the number of orexin-A-positive neurons in the lateral hypothalamus.
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Some studies report a significant reduction of orexin neurons after injury.
“Some studies report a significant reduction of orexin neurons after injury.45,48,73”
From Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Orexin/Hypocretin System (2025) · cites this paper as [73]
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“Clinical studies have observed increases in hypersomnia such as excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in approximately 25% of patients with TBI.5,6 Other retrospective studies indicate that approximately half of the patients experience some form of EDS with half of those having severe hypersomnia.5,6 Fur- ther, changes i…”
BackgroundInfluentialConsolidation of Strictly Episodic Memories Mainly Requires Rapid Eye Movement Sleep
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Sleep-Wake Disturbances After Traumatic Brain Injury: Synthesis of Human and Animal Studies
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Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Orexin/Hypocretin System
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- Authors
- Skopin, M. D., Kabadi, S. V., Viechweg, S. S., Mong, J. A., & Faden, A. I.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Neurotrauma
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 289-296
- ISSN
- 0897-7151 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-9042
- PMC
- PMC4348369
- OpenAlex
- W1995572922
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 2.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Neurotrauma (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5t32gm075767-03)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (5 T32 GM 75767-5)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Keywords
- traumatic brain injury, sleep-wake behavior, wakefulness, excessive daytime sleepiness, REM sleep, NREM sleep, lateral fluid percussion injury, orexin-A, lateral hypothalamus, cognitive impairment, depression-like behavior, sleep disorders
- MeSH terms
- Orexins, Animals, Brain Injuries, Disease Models, Animal, Electroencephalography, Electromyography, Hypothalamus, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Wakefulness, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm, Rats
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