Skin Tissue Engineering for the Infected Wound Site: Biodegradable PLA Nanofibers and a Novel Approach for Silver Ion Release Evaluated in a 3D Coculture System of Keratinocytes and Staphylococcus aureus
Open accessAbstract
Wound infection presents a challenging and growing problem. With the increased prevalence and growth of multidrug-resistant bacteria, there is a mounting need to reduce and eliminate wound infections using methodologies that limit the ability of bacteria to evolve into further drug-resistant strains. A well-known strategy for combating bacterial infection and preventing wound sepsis is through the delivery of silver ions to the wound site. High surface area silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) allowing extensive silver ion release have therefore been explored in different wound dressings and/or skin substitutes. However, it has been recently shown that AgNPs can penetrate into the stratum corneum of skin or diffuse into the cellular plasma membrane, and may interfere with a variety of cellular mechanisms. The goal of this study was to introduce and evaluate a new type of high surface area metallic silver in the form of highly porous silver microparticles (AgMPs). Polylactic acid (PLA) nanofibers were successfully loaded with either highly porous AgMPs or AgNPs and the antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity of the two silver-based wound dressings were assessed and compared. To better mimic the physiological environment in vivo where both human cells and bacteria are present, a novel coculture system combining human epidermal keratinocytes and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was designed to simultaneously evaluate human skin cell cytotoxicity with antimicrobial efficacy in a three-dimensional environment. We found that highly porous AgMPs could be successfully incorporated in nanofibrous wound dressings, and exhibited comparable antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity to AgNPs. Further, PLA nanofibers containing highly porous AgMPs exhibited steady silver ion release, at a greater rate of release, than nanofibers containing AgNPs. The replacement of AgNPs with the newly introduced AgMPs overcomes concerns regarding the use of nanoparticles and holds great promise as skin substitutes or wound dressings for infected wound sites.
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The scaffold did enable slow release of silver; however, toxicity to host cells was not reduced.
“The scaffold did enable the slow release of silver; however, toxicity to host cells was not reduced 40 .”
From Nanotechnology approaches for global infectious diseases (2021) · cites this paper as [40]
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- Authors
- Mohiti-Asli, M., Pourdeyhimi, B., & Loboa, E. G.
- Affiliations
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.
- North Carolina State University (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Loboa, Elizabeth G.
- Venue
- Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-10
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 790-797
- ISSN
- 1937-3384 (ISSN-L)
- 1937-3392
- PMC
- PMC4186802
- OpenAlex
- W112470970
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 7.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Tissue Engineering Part C Methods (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (1133427)
- North Carolina Biotechnology Center
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R03EB008790)
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (T32DE007057)
- Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems (1133427)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Wound Healing and Treatments
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Keywords
- wound infection, wound dressings, skin substitutes, polylactic acid nanofibers, silver nanoparticles, silver microparticles, silver ion release, antimicrobial efficacy, cytotoxicity, keratinocytes, Staphylococcus aureus, 3D coculture, multidrug-resistant bacteria
- MeSH terms
- Epidermal Cells, Biocompatible Materials, Cell Survival, DNA, Humans, Ions, Polyesters, Polymers, Silver, Skin, Staphylococcus aureus, Wound Infection, Keratinocytes, Porosity, Coculture Techniques, Lactic Acid, Tissue Engineering, Cell Proliferation, Tissue Scaffolds, Nanofibers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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