DYRK1A enhances the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in PC12 cells by forming a complex with Ras, B-Raf, and MEK1
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Dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylated and regulated kinase 1A (Dyrk1A) is the human homologue of the Drosophila mnb (minibrain) gene. In Drosophila, mnb is involved in postembryonic neurogenesis. In human, DYRK1A maps within the Down syndrome critical region of chromosome 21 and is overexpressed in Down syndrome embryonic brain. Despite its potential involvement in the neurobiological alterations observed in Down syndrome patients, the biological functions of the serine/threonine kinase DYRK1A have not been identified yet. Here, we report that DYRK1A overexpression potentiates nerve growth factor (NGF)-mediated PC12 neuronal differentiation by up-regulating the Ras/MAP kinase signaling pathway independently of its kinase activity. Furthermore, we show that DYRK1A prolongs the kinetics of ERK activation by interacting with Ras, B-Raf, and MEK1 to facilitate the formation of a Ras/B-Raf/MEK1 multiprotein complex. These data indicate that DYRK1A may play a critical role in Ras-dependent transducing signals that are required for promoting or maintaining neuronal differentiation and suggest that overexpression of DYRK1A may contribute to the neurological abnormalities observed in Down syndrome patients.
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Expression of MNB/DYRK1A or Dyrk1a induces neuronal differentiation in neural cell lines.
“Expression of MNB/DYRK1A or Dyrk1a induces neuronal differentiation in neural cell lines (Kelly and Rahmani, 2005; Yang et al., 2001)”
From Sex-specific developmental alterations in DYRK1A expression in the brain of a Down syndrome mouse model (2024) · cites this paper as Kelly and Rahmani, 2005
The Results and Discussion report that DYRK1A expression enhances neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells, including neurite outgrowth and neuronal marker expression. The experiments involved NGF treatment, however, so this paper supports potentiation of NGF-mediated differentiation, not that DYRK1A expression alone induces it. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Aranda, S., Laguna, A., & de la Luna, S. (2011) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.10-165837 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
“signaling (73) and exit from the cell cycle in neuronal”
BackgroundHarmine specifically inhibits protein kinase DYRK1A and interferes with neurite formation
Göckler, N., Jofré, G., Papadopoulos, C., Soppa, U., Tejedor, F., & Becker, W. (2009) · The FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07346.x · Cited by 266 · see citing works
A New Fork for Clinical Application: Targeting Forkhead Transcription Factors in Cancer
Yang, J.-Y., & Hung, M. (2009) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-0124 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
“It is interesting to note that AKT and ERK were shown to up-regulate CK1 (25) and CDK2 (26) activity, respectively, and DYRK1A was reported to prolong ERK activity by forming and stabilizing the RAS/B-RAF/MEK1complex (27).”
MNB/DYRK1A as a multiple regulator of neuronal development
Tejedor, F. J., & Hämmerle, B. (2011) · The FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07954.x · Cited by 214 · see citing works
“For example, it has been reported that the transient expression/activation of MNB/DYRK1A induces neuronal differentiation (Yang et al, 2001; Kelly and Rahmani, 2005) but this is impaired by its stable over-expression (Park et al, 2007).”
BackgroundInhibition of DYRK1A and GSK3B induces human β-cell proliferation
Shen, W., Taylor, B. L., Jin, Q., Nguyen-Tran, V. T. B., Meeusen, S., Zhang, Y.-Q., Kamireddy, A., Swafford, A. D.-E., Powers, A. F., Walker, J. C., et al. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms9372 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
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“We and others have previously shown that DYRK1A overexpression enhances neurite outgrowth in rat PC12 cells and that DYRK1A inhibition interferes with neurite formation of mouse hippocampal neurons.(28,30,44) Consistent with our previous findings in the developing vertebrate central nervous system,(31) our present res…”
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“Although intriguing, this finding is not completely surprising as previous studies on neural cell lines have found that the transient expression or activation of MNB/DYRK1A induced neuronal differentiation (Yang et al., 2001; Kelly and Rahmani, 2005), whereas its stable overexpression impaired differentiation (Park et…”
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“DYRK1A overexpression potentiates nerve growth factor (NGF)–mediated PC12 neuronal differentiation by upregulating the Ras/MAP kinase signaling pathway independently of its kinase activity[58].”
BackgroundDYRK1A autophosphorylation on serine residue 520 modulates its kinase activity via 14-3-3 binding.
Álvarez, M., Altafaj, X., Aranda, S., & de la Luna, S. (2007) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-08-0668 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
“DYRK1A has also been reported to potentiate the neural growth factor-induced differentiation of PC12 cells through its interaction with components of the signaling cascade RasBRaf-MEK1, but this effect is independent of its kinase activity (Kelly and Rahmani, 2005).”
Genetic dissection of the down syndrome critical region
Jiang, X., Liu, C., Yu, T., Zhang, L., Meng, K., Xing, Z., Belichenko, P. V., Kleschevnikov, A. M., Pao, A., Peresie, J., et al. (2015) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddv364 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
“Dyrk1a encodes a dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylationregulated kinase which plays a critical role in signaling (20-22).”
BackgroundTumour angiogenesis is reduced in the Tc1 mouse model of Down Syndrome
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Attenuation of Notch signalling by the Down-syndrome-associated kinase DYRK1A
Fernandez-Martinez, J., Vela, E. M., Tora-Ponsioen, M., Ocaña, O. H., Nieto, M., & Galceran, J. (2009) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.044354 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“…et al., 2003; von GrooteBidlingmaier et al., 2003; Sitz et al., 2004; Kelly and Rahmani, 2005; Arron et al., 2006; Gwack et al., 2006), with the kinase activity of DYRK1A often being found to be dispensable for the regulation (von Groote-Bidlingmaier et al., 2003; Kelly and Rahmani, 2005).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialInhibition of TNFα-induced activation of nuclear factor κB by kava (Piper methysticum) derivatives
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“MEK1 Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Differentiation, transcription regulation [88]”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Omnipresence of DYRK1A in Human Diseases
Deboever, E., Fistrovich, A., Hulme, C., & Dunckley, T. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23169355 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Aranda, S., Álvarez, M., Turró, S., Laguna, A., & de la Luna, S. (2008) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.00394-08 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
“Given that B-Raf is a shared partner of both Spry family members (43, 47) and DYRK1A (29), it is possible that a”
BackgroundTumour angiogenesis is reduced in the Tc1 mouse model of Down’s syndrome
Reynolds, L., Watson, A. R., Baker, M., Jones, T., D'Amico, G., Robinson, S., Joffre, C., Garrido‐Urbani, S., Rodríguez-Manzaneque, J. C., Martino-Echarri, E., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09281 · Cited by 66
Molecular responses of the Ts65Dn and Ts1Cje mouse models of Down syndrome to MK-801
Siddiqui, A. H., Lacroix, T., Stasko, M. R., Scott-McKean, J. J., Costa, A. C. S., & Gardiner, K. (2008) · Genes, Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1111/j.1601-183x.2008.00428.x · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“Notably, in vitro studies indicate that normal changes in pERK1/2 levels because of NMDAR activation are transient (Sala et al. 2000; Sananbenesi et al. 2002) and that DYRK1A overexpression prolongs pERK1/2 activation (Kelly & Rahmani 2005).”
BackgroundNew Perspectives of Dyrk1A Role in Neurogenesis and Neuropathologic Features of Down Syndrome
Park, J., & Chung, K. (2013) · Experimental Neurobiology · doi:10.5607/en.2013.22.4.244 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Stimulation of PI 3-kinase signaling via inhibition of the tumor suppressor phosphatase, PTEN
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What we can learn from a genetic rodent model about autism
Möhrle, D., Fernández, M. C., Peñagarikano, O., Frick, A., Allman, B. L., & Schmid, S. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.12.015 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
The nuclear interactome of DYRK1A reveals a functional role in DNA damage repair
Guard, S. E., Poss, Z. C., Ebmeier, C. C., Pagratis, M., Simpson, H., Taatjes, D. J., & Old, W. M. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-42990-5 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Zhang, L., Meng, K., Jiang, X.-L., Liu, C., Pao, A., Belichenko, P., Kleschevnikov, A., Josselyn, S., Liang, P., Ye, P., et al. (2014) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddt446 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Kim, Y., Lee, Y.-J., Park, J., Lee, H., Chong, K.-C.-O., Kim, S.-Y., Hwang, J., Jang, J., & Yoo, H. (2017) · Clinical Genetics · doi:10.1111/cge.13038 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“DYRK1A interacts with several genes involved in the control of many of the critical signaling pathways of cell proliferation, such as AKT, MAPK/ERK, and STAT3.(30,31) In this study, subjects 10A and 10B with profound short stature and compound heterozygous mutations in NBAS (MIM 608025) showed various anomalies, inclu…”
BackgroundERK Signals: Scaffolding Scaffolds?
Casar, B., & Crespo, P. (2016) · Front. Cell Dev. Biol. · doi:10.3389/fcell.2016.00049 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Levy, J., LaFlamme, C. W., Tsaprailis, G., Crynen, G., & Page, D. T. (2021) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.01.012 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Abekhoukh, S., Planque, C., Ripoll, C., Urbaniak, P., Paul, J., Delabar, J., & Janel, N. (2012) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-012-8326-1 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Effect of hyperhomocysteinemia on the protein kinase DYRK1A in liver of mice.
Hamelet, J., Noll, C., Ripoll, C., Paul, J., Janel, N., & Delabar, J. (2009) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.126 · Cited by 32
“It has also been demonstrated that DYRK1A, upon NGF stimulation, prolongs the kinetics of ERK activation by facilitating the formation of a Ras/B-Raf/MEK1 multiprotein complex [12].”
Increased expression of Dyrk1a in HPV16 immortalized Keratinocytes enable evasion of apoptosis
Chang, H., Lin, C., Yang, C., Yen, M., Lai, C., Chen, Y., Liang, Y., & Yu, W. (2007) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.22573 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“scription 3) and FKHR were identified as substrates of the DYRK1A family.(21,24,40) FKHR is also a target for the PKB/AKT”
BackgroundCayla, M., McDonald, L., MacGregor, P., & Matthews, K. (2019) · bioRxiv · doi:10.7554/elife.51620 · Cited by 31
“These may assist binding to partner proteins 438 [37, 38], similar to human DYRK2, that also acts as an adaptor for the formation of the E3 439 ubiquitin ligase EDPV [14].”
BackgroundDyrk1A Positively Stimulates ASK1-JNK Signaling Pathway during Apoptotic Cell Death
Choi, H., & Chung, K. (2011) · Experimental Neurobiology · doi:10.5607/en.2011.20.1.35 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“For example, while Ras-dependent signaling is required for promoting or maintaining neuronal differentiation, Dyrk1A modulates ERK activation by interacting with Ras, B-Raf, and MEK1 and by facilitating the formation of a Ras/B-Raf/MEK1 multi-protein complex (Kelly and Rahmani, 2005).”
Toma, I. D., Ortega, M., Aloy, P., Sabidó, E., & Dierssen, M. (2019) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00272 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Grebe, C., Klingebiel, T., Grau, S., Toischer, K., Didié, M., Jacobshagen, C., Dullin, C., Hasenfuss, G., & Seidler, T. (2011) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvr023 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“Previous findings in non-cardiac cells suggested that DYRK1A can promote MEK1/2 phosphorylation.(21) Activated MEK was previously demonstrated to evoke hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes.”
BackgroundDYRK1A promotes viral entry of highly pathogenic human coronaviruses in a kinase-independent manner
Strine, M. S., Cai, W. L., Wei, J., Alfajaro, M. M., Filler, R. B., Biering, S. B., Sarnik, S. A., Chow, R. D.-W., Patil, A., Cervantes, K. S., et al. (2023) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3002097 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Structural and functional in silico analysis of LRRK2 missense substitutions
Cardona, F., Tormos-Pérez, M., & Pérez-Tur, J. (2014) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-014-3111-z · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Modeling Down syndrome in animals from the early stage to the 4.0 models and next
Moreno, M. D. M. M., Brault, V., Birling, M., Pavlovic, G., & Hérault, Y. (2020) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.08.001 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“…(NFAT and CREB) or proteins (Gsk3b, Ras, Raf and MEK1) implicated in synaptic plasticity (Arron et al., 2006, Yang et al., 2001, Song et al., 2015, Kelly and Rahmani, 2005), and on its interaction with key proteins involved in either neurotransmitter release or post-synaptic receptor trafficking.”
Yu, Y. E., Xing, Z., Do, C., Pao, A., Lee, E. J., Krinsky‐McHale, S. J., Silverman, W. P., Schupf, N., & Tycko, B. (2020) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.09.002 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“Dyrk1a codes for a dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase which plays a critical role in signaling (Kelly and Rahmani 2005; Fernandez-Martinez et al. 2009; Hammerle et al. 2011).”
BackgroundPellegrini-Calace, M., & Tramontano, A. (2006) · Bioinform. · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btl006 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“In fact, in PC12 cells, it can form a multimeric complex with Ras, B-Raf and MEK1 [23], components of the signal module activating either one of the extracellular-signalregulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/ERK2), one of the four main MAPKs hitherto identified.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialStefos, G., Soppa, U., Dierssen, M., & Becker, W. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067470 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Indeed, a previous study showed that DYRK1A overexpression potentiates NGF-mediated PC12 neuronal differentiation by up-regulating the Ras/MAP kinase signaling pathway [63].”
BackgroundDyrk1a activates antioxidant NQO1 expression through an ERK1/2-Nrf2 dependent mechanism.
Noll, C., Tlili, A., Ripoll, C., Mallet, L., Paul, J., Delabar, J., & Janel, N. (2012) · Molecular Genetics and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.11.194 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Butt, A., Feng, D., Idrees, M., Tong, Y., & Lu, J. (2012) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms13032918 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“9 - Y 325 * [43] Y ERK1 0.”
Harmine Induces Adipocyte Thermogenesis through RAC1-MEK-ERK-CHD4 Axis
Nie, T., Hui, X., Mao, L.-F., Nie, B.-M., Li, K., Sun, W., Gao, X.-F., Tang, X., Xu, Y., Jiang, B.-S., et al. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep36382 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Montori-Grau, M., Tarrats, N., Osorio-Conles, Ó., Orozco, A., Serrano-Marco, L., Vázquez-Carrera, M., & Gómez-Foix, A. M. (2013) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.02.014 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Hogg, E. K. J., & Findlay, G. M. (2023) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1002/1873-3468.14723 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“…and haematopoietic progenitors [206] (cid:129) NFAT transcriptional response [207] (cid:129) EGFR signalling [214] (cid:129) Neuronal RAS/B-RAF/MEK [142] (cid:129) p53 phosphorylation in embryonic cortical neuron precursors [131] (cid:129) Phosphorylate p27, Cyclin D1, and HDAC5/9, contributing to…”
BackgroundKey role of ERK1/2 molecular scaffolds in heart pathology
Tarone, G., Sbroggio, M., & Brancaccio, M. (2013) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-013-1321-5 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Kida, E., Walus, M., Jarząbek, K., Palminiello, S., Albertini, G., Rabe, A., Hwang, Y., & Gołabek, A. (2011) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.08.028 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“, 2009), by upregulating the Ras/MAP kinase signaling pathway (Kelly and Rahmani, 2005), by phosphorylating the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) and by attenuating NICD signaling in neural cells, thus attenuating the repression of neuritogenesis by NICD (Fernandez-Martinez et al.”
BackgroundMatsuzawa, Y., Kiuchi, Y., Toyomura, K., Matsumoto, I., Nakamura, H., Fujino, H., Murayama, T., & Kawashima, T. (2009) · Journal of Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1254/jphs.09201fp · Cited by 15
MAGI-1 acts as a scaffolding molecule for NGF receptor-mediated signaling pathway.
Ito, H., Morishita, R., Iwamoto, I., Mizuno, M., & Nagata, K.-I. (2013) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.06.005 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylated and regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) facilitates the formation of a Ras/B-Raf/MEK-1 complex and upregulates ERK activation [35].”
BackgroundFu, Z., Xiang, Y., Fu, Y., Su, Z., Tan, Y., Yang, M.-F., Yan, Y., Daemi, H. B., Shi, Y.-J., Xie, S.-S., et al. (2023) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01239-23 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“DYRK1A primarily localizes in the nucleus, yet it acts as a potent host factor with wide-ranging transcriptional regulatory effects, capable of modulating proteins in both the nucleus and cytoplasm (54–56 , 64– 67).”
BackgroundHawley, L. E., Stringer, M., Deal, A. J., Folz, A., Goodlett, C. R., & Roper, R. J. (2024) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106359 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Expression of MNB/DYRK1A or Dyrk1a induces neuronal differentiation in neural cell lines (Kelly and Rahmani, 2005; Yang et al., 2001); however, its stable overexpression appears to impair normal neuronal differentiation (Park et al., 2007).”
Lowe, S. A., Usowicz, M. M., & Hodge, J. J. L. (2019) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2019.01.017 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“Regions of DYRK1A outside the kinase domain also appear to play important roles, but which areas exactly and how they impact function is thus far incompletely understood (Jin et al., 2015; Kelly and Rahmani, 2005; von Groote-Bidlingmaier et al., 2003).”
BackgroundLee, Y., Yoon, A., Yun, C.-O., & Chung, K. C. (2024) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107206 · Cited by 9
“A previous report found that DYRK1A enhances neural growth factor-induced differentiation of PC12 cells through its interaction with components of the Ras-BRaf-MEK1 signaling cascade (51).”
DYRK1A in the physiology and pathology of the neuron-astrocyte axis
Cisternas, P., Kim, J.-Y., Ashfeld, B. L., & Zartman, J. J. (2025) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2025.1626062 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Ayyadevara, V. S. S. A., Wertheim, G. B. W., Gaur, S., Chukinas, J. A., Loftus, J. P., Lee, S. J., Kumar, A., Swaminathan, S., Bhansali, R. S., Childers, W. E., et al. (2025) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-025-02575-w · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Scales, T., Lin, S., Kraus, M., Goold, R., & Gordon-Weeks, P. (2009) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.040162 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“, 2001), and from the observation that overexpression of DYRK1A potentiates nerve growth factor (NGF)driven differentiation of PC12 cells (Kelly and Rahmani, 2005).”
Harmine suppresses pancreatic cancer through DYRK1A-mediated hyper-activated RAS/MAPK inhibition.
Liu, C., Qi, J., Ye, D., Wang, S., Li, J., Guo, X.-Y., Li, X., Ding, M., & Liu, Y.-G. (2025) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2025.117291 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
DYRK1A: a down syndrome-related dual protein kinase with a versatile role in tumorigenesis
Laham, A., Saber-Ayad, M., & El-Awady, R. (2020) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-020-03626-4 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Colt, M., Gordon, A., Peng, Y.-J., Wu, Y., Martin, K., & Chang, K. T. (2026) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · doi:10.1073/pnas.2517506123 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“For example, DYRK1A has been shown to enhance MAPK/ERK signaling by binding to Ras, B - Raf, and Mek1 to form a multiprotein complex, thereby promoting cell differentiation independently of its kinase activity (56).”
Cholinotrophic basal forebrain connectome dysfunction in Down syndrome with and without dementia
Moreno-Rodríguez, M., Perez, S. E., Nadeem, M., Head, E., & Mufson, E. J. (2025) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.113041 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“116 Dyrk1A overexpression activates NGF mediated PC12 cell differentiation and regulates cell growth, 117 suggesting that mutation of this gene enhances chol-inotrophic cell dysfunction in DS.”
Design, antitumor, and anti‐Ras activity of propynyl‐substituted harmine bases
Fang, Y.-S., Qi, J.-C., Fan, X.-X., Wang, J.-H., Wang, H., & Liu, Y.-G. (2024) · Chemical Biology & Drug Design · doi:10.1111/cbdd.14456 · Cited by 1
“DYRK1A preferentially interacts with GTP-bound Ras, and also binds to B-Raf in a targeted manner (Kelly & Rahmani, 2005).”
BackgroundIntegrative Insights Into DYRK1A From Molecular Function to Therapeutic Advancement
Paul, S., Dubey, S., & Tiwari, P. (2026) · Chemical Biology and Drug Design · doi:10.1111/cbdd.70366
Abdallah, M., Keddis, P. M., Keddis, T. M., El-Gamil, D. S., Abadi, A. H., Kii, I., Engel, M., & Abdel-Halim, M. (2026) · Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents · doi:10.1080/13543776.2026.2694586
“Through modulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor (c-MET), DYRK1A can activate downstream cascades such as RAS–BRAF–MEK that sustain mitogenic signaling and neurogenesis [19–21].”
Ocular manifestations in DYRK1A mutation: a five-case series from South Korea
Yang, S., Boo, J. H., Choi, H., Kim, S.-J., Chong, K.-C.-O., Lee, S.-M., & Lee, J.-E. (2026) · Ophthalmic Genetics · doi:10.1080/13816810.2026.2635639
“Overexpression of DYRK1A produces phenotypes resembling Down syndrome in animal models (11, 12).”
Hurtz, C., Ayyadevara, V. S. S. A., Wertheim, G., Chukinas, J., Loftus, J., Lee, S. J., Kumar, A., Bhansali, R., Swaminathan, S., Geng, H., et al. (2022) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.10.02.510349
Kinase-independent activity of DYRK1A promotes viral entry of highly pathogenic human coronavirusesPreprint
Strine, M. S., Cai, W. L., Wei, J., Alfajaro, M. M., Filler, R., Biering, S. B., Sarnik, S. A., Patil, A., Cervantes, K. S., Collings, C. K., et al. (2022) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.09.13.507833
Karmirian, K., Goto-Silva, L., Nascimento, J., Costa, M. N., Salerno, J. A., Ornelas, I., Vanderborght, B., Martins-de-Souza, D., & Rehen, S. (2021) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.06.16.448740
Koschut, D., Ray, D., Li, Z.-H., Giarin, E., Groet, J., Alić, I., Kham, S., Chng, W., Ariffin, H., Weinstock, D., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.02.03.931725
“Interestingly, both DYRK1A, and another chromosome 21 gene ITSN also play a role in activating RAS, in specific cellular contexts(57, 58).”
Background
- Authors
- Kelly, P. A., & Rahmani, Z.
- Affiliations
- Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades (FR)
- Venue
- Molecular Biology of the Cell
- Published
- 2005-08
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 3562-3573
- ISSN
- 1059-1524 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-4586
- PMC
- PMC1182298
- OpenAlex
- W2114466755
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 1.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Michigan
- University of Virginia
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Medical School, University of Michigan
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
- Keywords
- DYRK1A, RAS/MAPK pathway, BRAF, MEK1, ERK activation, nerve growth factor, neuronal differentiation, PC12 cells, Down syndrome, kinase-independent signaling, protein complex formation, minibrain
- MeSH terms
- Dyrk Kinases, Animals, Cell Differentiation, Down Syndrome, HeLa Cells, Humans, Protein Binding, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Transcriptional Activation, Down-Regulation, Up-Regulation, Neurites, PC12 Cells, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, ras Proteins, Nerve Growth Factor, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases, MAP Kinase Kinase 1, Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf, ets-Domain Protein Elk-1, Rats
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