The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Knowledge in a Social World
Abstract
A certain conception of social epistemology is articulated and applied to numerous social arenas. This conception retains epistemology's traditional interest in truth and reliable inquiry, but replaces its customary emphasis on solitary knowers with a focus on social institutions and interpersonal practices. Postmodernism, science studies, and pragmatism pose worries about the meaning and attainability of objective truth and knowledge. After laying these concerns to rest, “veritistic” social epistemology is advanced as a normative discipline seeking practices and institutions that would best foster knowledge. The book explores forms and methods of communication, including norms of argumentation, information technology, and institutional structures governing speech and the media. Social dimensions of knowledge quests are explored in science, law, democracy, and education. The book examines popular topics in contemporary epistemology such as testimony and Bayesianism, while breaking new ground by connecting epistemology with historically unrelated branches of philosophy such as political and legal theory. Democracy's success, it is argued, requires the attainment of certain epistemic desiderata, and substantive justice depends on well‐chosen procedures of legal evidence.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Market for "Lemons": Quality Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism
Akerlof, G. A. (1970) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/1879431 · Cited by 23,016
Coase, R. H. (1960) · The Journal of Law and Economics · doi:10.1086/466560 · Cited by 18,255
Hutchins, E. (1995) · doi:10.7551/mitpress/1881.001.0001 · Cited by 10,801
The case for motivated reasoning.
Kunda, Z. (1990) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.108.3.480 · Cited by 9,022
The Pure Theory of Public Expenditure
Samuelson, P. A. (1954) · The Review of Economics and Statistics · doi:10.2307/1925895 · Cited by 7,458
On the psychology of prediction.
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1973) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0034747 · Cited by 6,202
Representing and Intervening: Introductory Topics in the Philosophy of Natural Science
Hacking, I. (1983) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511814563 · Cited by 4,814
Fraassen, B. C. V. (1980) · doi:10.1093/0198244274.001.0001 · Cited by 4,682
Lord, C. G., Ross, L., & Lepper, M. R. (1979) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.11.2098 · Cited by 4,583
Intentionality: An Essay in the Philosophy of Mind
Searle, J. R. (1983) · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139173452 · Cited by 4,575
Research works printed but not linked: 436
- Ackerman,, 1989, Why Dialogue?, Journal of Philosophy, 10.2307/2027173 · doi:10.2307/2027173
- Alexander,, 1993, Trouble on Track Two: Incidental Regulations of Speech and Free Speech Theory., Hastings Law Journal
- Almond,, 1960, The American People and Foreign Policy
- Alston,, 1989, Epistemic Justification
- 1993, The Reliability of Sense Perception
- 1996, A Realist Conception of Truth
- Amar,, 1997, The Constitution and Criminal Procedure: First Principles
- American, 1995, Model Rules of Professional Conduct.
- Anderson,, 1993, Value in Ethics and Economics
- Angell,, 1996, Courts on Trial: The Clash of Medical Evidence and the Law in Breast Implant Cases
- Appleby,, 1994, Telling the Truth about History
- Aristotle, 1924, The Works of Aristotle
- Arnstine,, 1987, Teaching Democracy Through Participation: The Crucial Role of Interest., Educational Forum, 10.1080/00131728709335717 · doi:10.1080/00131728709335717
- Austin,, 1950, Truth., Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 10.1093/aristoteliansupp/24.1.111 · doi:10.1093/aristoteliansupp/24.1.111
- Axelrod,, 1984, The Evolution of Cooperation
- Ayer,, 1963, The Concept of a Person and Other Essays, 10.1007/978-1-349-01903-8 · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-01903-8
- Bagdikian,, 1997, The Media Monopoly
- Baird,, 1994, Game Theory and the Law
- Baker,, 1994, Advertising and a Democratic Press
- Baker,, 1985, Wittgenstein, Rules, Grammar, and Necessity
- Bar‐Hillel,, 1990, Insights in Decision Making
- Barnes,, 1982, Rationality and Relativism
- Baron,, 1994, Electoral Competition with Informed and Uninformed Voters., American Political Science Review, 10.2307/2944880 · DOI · Paper page
- Bartels,, 1996, Uninformed Votes: Information Effects in Presidential Elections., American Journal of Political Science, 10.2307/2111700 · DOI · Paper page
- Barth,, 1982, From Axiom to Dialogue, 10.1515/9783110839807 · doi:10.1515/9783110839807
- Bell,, 1988, The Republican Revival and Racial Politics, Yale Law Journal, 10.2307/796542 · doi:10.2307/796542
- Benhabib,, 1992, Habermas and the Public Sphere
- Bennett,, 1995, Copyright, Public Policy, and the Scholarly Community
- Berelson,, 1954, Voting: A Study of Opinion Formation in a Presidential Campaign
- Berg,, 1993, Condorcet's Jury Theorem, Dependency Among Jurors., Social Choice and Welfare, 10.1007/BF00187435 · doi:10.1007/bf00187435
- Biro,, 1992, Argumentation Illuminated
- Blackstone,, 1765, Commentaries on the Laws of England
- Block,, 1995, How Heritability Misleads about Race., Cognition, 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00678-R · DOI · Paper page
- Bloor,, 1976, Knowledge and Social Imagery
- 1981, The Strengths of the Strong Programme., Philosophy of the Social Sciences
- Boghossian,, 1990, The Status of Content., Philosophical Review, 10.2307/2185488 · DOI
- BonJour,, 1985, The Structure of Empirical Knowledge
- Boyd,, 1983, On the Current Status of Scientific Realism., Erkenntnis, 10.1007/BF00174775 · DOI · Paper page
- Boyle,, 1996, Shamans, Software, and Spleens
- Brandom,, 1994, Making it Explicit
- Brink,, 1985, Legal Theory, Legal Interpretation, and Judicial Review., Philosophy and Public Affairs
- Brown,, 1979, The Commercial Connection: Advertising and the American Mass Media
- Brown,, 1990, Gender, Politeness, and Confrontation in Tenejapa., Discourse Processes, 10.1080/01638539009544749 · DOI
- Bruffee,, 1993, Collaborative Learning: Higher Education, Interdependence, and the Authority of Knowledge
- Caglayan,, 1997, Agent Sourcebook
- Carnap,, 1950, Logical Foundations of Probability
- Cartwright,, 1983, How the Laws of Physics Lie, 10.1093/0198247044.001.0001 · DOI · Paper page
- Ceci,, 1993, Suggestibility of the Child Witness: A Historical Review and Synthesis., Psychological Bulletin, 10.1037/0033-2909.113.3.403 · DOI · Paper page
- Chafe,, 1986, Evidentiality: The Linguistic Coding of Epistemology
- Chalmers,, 1990, Science and Its Fabrication
- Cheney,, 1995, Telling the Truth: Why our Culture and Our Country Have Stopped Making Sense—and What We Can Do About It
- Christiano,, 1995, Voting and Democracy., Canadian Journal of Philosophy
- 1996, The Rule of the Many
- Coady,, 1992, Testimony
- Cole,, 1992, Making Science: Between Nature and Society
- Coleman,, 1986, Democracy and Social Choice., Ethics, 10.1086/292814 · DOI · Paper page
- 1995, Law and Interpretation
- Collins,, 1981, Stages in the Empirical Programme of Relativism., Social Studies of Science, 10.1177/030631278101100101 · DOI · Paper page
- Marie, 1994, Condorcet,
- Corlett,, 1991, Epistemology, Psychology, and Goldman., Social Epistemology, 10.1080/02691729108578604 · DOI
- Craig,, 1990, Knowledge and the State of Nature
- Cross,, 1977, New Directions for Higher Education, 10.1002/he.36919771703 · DOI · Paper page
- Damaska,, 1997, Evidence Law Adrift
- Dansereau,, 1985, Thinking and Learning Skills: Relating Instruction to Basic Research
- David,, 1994, Correspondence and Disquotation, 10.1093/oso/9780195079241.001.0001 · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195079241.001.0001
- Davidson,, 1980, Essays on Actions and Events
- De, 1974, Reaching a Consensus., Journal of the American Statistical Association, 10.2307/2285509 · DOI
- Derrida,, 1976, Of Grammatology
- Devitt,, 1984, Realism and Truth
- de, 1996, The Biological Basis of Behavior., Chronicle of Higher Education
- Dewey,, 1913, Interest and Effort in Education, 10.1037/14633-000 · DOI · Paper page
- 1916, Democracy and Education
- 1938, Logic: The Theory of Inquiry
- 1957, Reconstruction in Philosophy
- Diaconis,, 1978, Statistical Problems in ESP Research., Science, 10.1126/science.663642 · DOI · Paper page
- Downs,, 1957, An Economic Theory of Democracy
- Drake,, 1970, Galileo Studies: Personality, Tradition and Revolution
- Dretske,, 1969, Seeing and Knowing
- 1981, Knowledge and the Flow of Information
- Dreyfus,, 1983, Michel Foucault: Beyond Structuralism and Hermeneutics
- Dummett,, 1976, Truth and Meaning
- Dworkin,, 1967, The Model of Rules., University of Chicago Law Review, 10.2307/1598947 · DOI · Paper page
- 1977, Taking Rights Seriously
- Earman,, 1992, Bayes or Bust?
- Ennis,, 1962, A Concept of Critical Thinking., Harvard Educational Review
- Entman,, 1989, Democracy Without Citizens: Media and the Decay of American Politics
- Estlund,, 1990, Democracy without Preference., Philosophical Review, 10.2307/2185349 · doi:10.2307/2185349
- Etchemendy,, 1988, Tarski on Truth and Logical Consequence., Journal of Symbolic Logic, 10.2307/2274427 · doi:10.2307/2274427
- Fallows,, 1996, Breaking the News: How the Media Undermine American Democracy
- Farber,, 1997, Beyond All Reason: The Radical Assault on Truth in American Law
- 1989, Federal Rules of Evidence for United States Courts and Magistrates
- Feldman,, 1985, Evidentialism., Philosophical Studies, 10.1007/BF00372404 · DOI · Paper page
- Ferejohn,, 1986, Incumbent Performance and Electoral Control., Public Choice, 10.1007/BF00124924 · DOI · Paper page
- 1990, Information and Democratic Processes
- Feyerabend,, 1962, Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science
- Fiedler,, 1988, The Dependence of the Conjunction Fallacy on Subtle Linguistic Factors., Psychological Research, 10.1007/BF00309212 · DOI · Paper page
- Field,, 1986, Fact, Science and Morality
- 1994, Deflationist Views of Meaning and Content., Mind, 10.1093/mind/103.411.249 · DOI · Paper page
- 1994, Disquotational Truth and Factually Defective Discourse., Philosophical Review, 10.2307/2185788 · doi:10.2307/2185788
- Fine,, 1996, The Disunity of Science
- Fiorina,, 1981, Retrospective Voting in American National Elections
- Fisher,, 1996, Scholarly Publishing: The Electronic Frontier
- Fisher,, 1988, Reconstructing the Fair Use Doctrine., Harvard Law Review, 10.2307/1341435 · doi:10.2307/1341435
- Fishkin,, 1991, Democracy and Deliberation: New Directions for Democratic Reform
- Fiss,, 1987, Why the State?, Harvard Law Review, 10.2307/1341094 · doi:10.2307/1341094
- 1991, State Activism and State Censorship., Yale Law Journal, 10.2307/796816 · doi:10.2307/796816
- Flax,, 1990, Thinking Fragments: Psychoanalysis, Feminism, and Postmodernism in the Contemporary West
- 1990, Feminism/Postmodernism
- Fodor,, 1983, The Modularity of Mind
- 1984, Observation Reconsidered., Philosophy of Science, 10.1086/289162 · DOI · Paper page
- Foucault,, 1978, The History of Sexuality
- 1979, Discipline and Punish
- Franciosi,, 1993, An Experimental Investigation of the Hahn‐Noll Revenue Neutral Auction for Emissions Licenses., Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 10.1006/jeem.1993.1001 · DOI
- Frank,, 1949, Courts on Trial
- Fraser,, 1990, Feminism/Postmodernism
- Frazer,, 1959, The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion
- Fricker,, 1994, Knowing from Words
- 1995, Telling and Trusting: Reductionism and Anti‐Reductionism in the Epistemology of Testimony, Mind, 10.1093/mind/104.414.393 · DOI · Paper page
- Friedman,, 1987, Route Analysis of Credibility and Hearsay., Yale Law Journal, 10.2307/796360 · doi:10.2307/796360
- Frye,, 1997, Gateways to Knowledge
- Fuchs,, 1996, Scholarly Publishing: The Electronic Frontier
- Fuller,, 1988, Social Epistemology
- Galison,, 1987, How Experiments End
- Garson,, 1996, The Economics of Information in the Networked Environment
- Geach,, 1960, Ascriptivism., Philosophical Review, 10.2307/2183506 · doi:10.2307/2183506
- Gianelli,, 1993, ‘Junk Science’: The Criminal Cases., Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 10.2307/1143887 · doi:10.2307/1143887
- 1994, Daubert: Interpreting the Federal Rules of Evidence., Cardozo Law Review
- Giere,, 1979, Understanding Scientific Reasoning
- 1988, Explaining Science
- Gigerenzer,, 1991, European Review of Social Psychology
- 1988, Presentation and Content: The Use of Base Rates as a Continuous Variable., Journal of Experimental Psychology
- 1989, The Empire of Chance: How Probability Changed Science and Everyday Life
- Gilbert,, 1989, On Social Facts
- Gilovich,, 1991, How We Know What Isn't So
- Gilster,, 1997, Digital Literacy
- Ginsparg,, 1997, Gateways to Knowledge
- Goldman,, 1970, A Theory of Human Action
- 1976, Discrimination and Perceptual Knowledge., Journal of Philosophy, 10.2307/2025679 · DOI · Paper page
- 1978, Epistemics: The Regulative Theory of Cognition., Journal of Philosophy, 10.2307/2025838 · DOI · Paper page
- 1986, Epistemology and Cognition
- 1987, Foundations of Social Epistemics., Synthese, 10.1007/BF00485444 · DOI · Paper page
- 1991, Epistemic Paternalism: Communication Control in Law and Society., Journal of Philosophy, 10.2307/2026984 · DOI
- 1992, Liaisons: Philosophy Meets the Cognitive and Social Sciences
- 1994, Argumentation and Social Epistemology, Journal of Philosophy, 10.2307/2940949 · DOI · Paper page
- 1994, PSA 1994
- 1994, Action and Crime: A Fine‐Grained Approach., University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 10.2307/3312463 · doi:10.2307/3312463
- 1995, Social Epistemology, Interests, and Truth., Philosophical Topics, 10.5840/philtopics199523117 · doi:10.5840/philtopics199523117
- 1995, Philosophy of Education 1995
- 1997, Science, Publicity, and Consciousness., Philosophy of Science, 10.1086/392570 · DOI
- 1996, Speech, Truth and the Free Market for Ideas., Legal Theory, 10.1017/S1352325200000343 · DOI
- 1991, An Economic Model of Scientific Activity and Truth Acquisition., Philosophical Studies, 10.1007/BF00375996 · DOI
- 1991, Results on Inquiry and Truth Possession., Statistics and Probability Letters, 10.1016/0167-7152(91)90030-U · doi:10.1016/0167-7152(91)90030-u
- Goldstein,, 1985, The News at Any Cost: How Journalists Compromise Their Ethics to Shape the News
- Goodman,, 1978, Ways of Worldmaking
- 1984, Of Mind and Other Matters
- Gould,, 1981, The Mismeasure of Man
- Graff,, 1992, Beyond the Culture Wars: How Teaching the Conflicts can Revitalize American Education
- Greenawalt,, 1989, Speech, Crime and the Uses of Language
- 1992, Law and Objectivity
- Grice,, 1989, Studies in the Way of Words
- Gross,, 1994, Higher Superstition: The Academic Left and its Quarrels with Science
- Grover,, 1992, A Prosentential Theory of Truth
- 1975, A Prosentential Theory of Truth., Philosophical Studies, 10.1007/BF01209340 · doi:10.1007/bf01209340
- Günthner, Susanne (1993). “The Negotiation of Dissent in Intercultural Communication—An Analysis of Chinese–German Conversation”, paper presented at the International Pragmatics Association conference, Kobe, Japan.
- Gupta,, 1993, Philosophical Perspectives, 7: Language and Logic
- Gutmann,, 1992, Multiculturalism and the “Politics of Recognition.”
- Habermas,, 1984, The Theory of Communicative Action
- 1990, Moral Consciousness and Communicative Action
- 1996, Between Facts and Norms
- Hamblin,, 1970, Fallacies
- 1971, Mathematical Models of Dialogue, Theoria, 10.1111/j.1755-2567.1971.tb00065.x · DOI · Paper page
- Harding,, 1991, Whose Science? Whose Knowledge?
- 1992, After the Neutral Ideal: Science, Politics, and ‘Strong Objectivity’., Social Research
- Hardwig,, 1985, Epistemic Dependence., Journal of Philosophy, 10.2307/2026523 · DOI · Paper page
- Hardy,, 1941, A Mathematician's Apology
- Hare,, 1988, Confidentiality Orders
- Harman,, 1965, The Inference to the Best Explanation., Philosophical Review, 10.2307/2183532 · DOI · Paper page
- 1986, Change in View
- Harnad,, 1996, Scholarly Publishing: The Electronic Frontier
- Hart,, 1958, Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals., Harvard Law Review, 10.2307/1338225 · DOI · Paper page
- 1961, The Concept of Law
- Hartsock,, 1983, Discovering Reality
- Haslanger,, 1993, A Mind of One's Own: Feminist Essays on Reason and Objectivity
- 1995, Ontology and Social Construction., Philosophical Topics, 10.5840/philtopics19952324 · DOI · Paper page
- Hastie,, 1983, Inside the Jury, 10.4159/harvard.9780674865945 · DOI · Paper page
- Hauser,, 1996, The Evolution of Communication
- Hawkesworth,, 1989, Knowers, Knowing, Known: Feminist Theory and Claims of Truth., Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 10.1086/494523 · DOI · Paper page
- Hawles,, 1811, Howell's State Trials
- Hayek,, 1948, Individualism and Economic Order
- Hearst,, 1997, Interfaces for Searching the Web., Scientific American, 10.1038/scientificamerican0397-68 · doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0397-68
- Hegland,, 1985, Goodbye to Deconstruction., Southern California Law Review
- Heider,, 1972, Universals in Color Naming and Memory., Cognitive Psychology, 10.1016/0010-0285(72)90011-4 · DOI · Paper page
- Hempel,, 1965, Aspects of Scientific Explanation
- Herman,, 1988, Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media
- Herrnstein,, 1994, The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in America
- Hesse,, 1980, Revolutions and Reconstructions in the Philosophy of Science
- Horgan,, 1995, Review of Truth and Objectivity., Nous, 10.2307/2215730 · doi:10.2307/2215730
- Horton,, 1982, Rationality and Relativism
- Horwich,, 1990, Truth
- 1992, A Companion to Epistemology
200 of 436 shown
Cited by
Epistemic Injustice: Power and the Ethics of Knowing
Fricker, M. (2007) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198237907.001.0001 · Cited by 9,198
SPERBER, D., CLÉMENT, F., HEINTZ, C., MASCARO, O., MERCIER, H., ORIGGI, G., & WILSON, D. (2010) · Mind & Language · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0017.2010.01394.x · Cited by 1,795
Experts: Which Ones Should You Trust?
GOLDMAN, A. I. (2001) · Philosophy and Phenomenological Research · doi:10.1111/j.1933-1592.2001.tb00093.x · Cited by 911
Self-citationExpanding the Dimensions of Epistemic Cognition: Arguments From Philosophy and Psychology
CHINN, C. A., BUCKLAND, L. A., & SAMARAPUNGAVAN, A. (2011) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2011.587722 · Cited by 524
Statistical Inference as Severe Testing: How to Get Beyond the Statistics Wars
Mayo, D. G. (2018) · doi:10.1017/9781107286184 · Cited by 376
Metadata
- Authors
- Goldman, A. I.
- Publisher
- Oxford University PressOxford
- Published
- 1999-01-14
- OpenAlex
- W2081443600
- Cited by
- 2,166
- References
- 17
- FWCI
- 102.76
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Knowledge in a Social World. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/0198238207.001.0001
- The paper
- Goldman, A. I. (1999). Knowledge in a Social World. https://doi.org/10.1093/0198238207.001.0001
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.