Age relations of cardiovascular risk factors in a traditional Melanesian society: the Kitava Study
Open accessAbstract
This study examined cross-sectional age relations of blood pressure, anthropometric indexes, serum lipids, and hemostatic variables in 203 subsistence horticulturists aged 20-86 y in Kitava, Trobriand Islands, Papua New Guinea. The population is characterized by extreme leanness (despite food abundance), low blood pressure, low plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 activity, and rarity of cardiovascular disease. Tubers, fruit, fish, and coconut are dietary staples whereas dairy products, refined fat and sugar, cereals, and alcohol are absent and salt intake is low. Although diastolic blood pressure was not associated with age in Kitavans, systolic blood pressure increased linearly after 50 y of age in both sexes. Body mass index decreased with age in both sexes. Serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B increased in males between 20 and 50 y of age, whereas high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I decreased. There were no significant differences in these indexes with age in the few females studied. A slight linear age-related increase of lipoprotein(a) was present in males. Plasma fibrinogen, factor VII clotting activity, factor VIII clotting activity, and von Willebrand factor antigen increased with age in both sexes but plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 activity did not. The modest or absent relations between the indexes measured and age are apparently important explanations of the virtual nonexistence of stroke and ischemic heart disease in Kitava.
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Rates of systemic chronic inflammation-related diseases have increased dramatically in older and younger individuals in industrialized countries with Western lifestyles but are relatively rare in non-Westernized populations whose diets, lifestyles, and ecological niches resemble those of most human evolution.
“SCI-related disease rates have increased dramatically for both older and younger individuals living in industrialized countries who follow a Western lifestyle but are relatively rare among individuals in non-Westernized populations who adhere to diets, lifestyles and ecological niches that more closely resemble those present during most of human evolution65–71.”
From Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span (2019) · cites this paper as [70]
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Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span
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- Authors
- Lindeberg, S., Berntorp, E., Nilsson-Ehle, P., Terént, A., & Vessby, B.
- Affiliations
- Lund University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Lindeberg, S
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-10
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 845-852
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2108343443
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Indigenous Health and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- cardiovascular risk factors, aging, blood pressure, serum lipids, lipoproteins, hemostasis, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, low body mass index, stroke, ischemic heart disease
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Papua New Guinea, Risk Factors, Sex Characteristics, Body Mass Index
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