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Maternal Stress and Preterm Birth
Abstract
This study examined a comprehensive array of psychosocial factors, including life events, social support, depression, pregnancy-related anxiety, perceived discrimination, and neighborhood safety in relation to preterm birth (<37 weeks) in a prospective cohort study of 1,962 pregnant women in central North Carolina between 1996 and 2000, in which 12% delivered preterm. There was an increased risk of preterm birth among women with high counts of pregnancy-related anxiety (risk ratio (RR) = 2.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5, 3.0), with life events to which the respondent assigned a negative impact weight (RR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.7), and with a perception of racial discrimination (RR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.0, 2.0). Different levels of social support or depression were not associated with preterm birth. Preterm birth initiated by labor or ruptured membranes was associated with pregnancy-related anxiety among women assigning a high level of negative impact weights (RR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.7, 5.3). The association between high levels of pregnancy-related anxiety and preterm birth was reduced when restricted to women without medical comorbidities, but the association was not eliminated. The prospective collection of multiple psychosocial measures on a large population of women indicates that a subset of these factors is associated with preterm birth.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Dole, N.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dole, N.
- ORCID
- Dole, N.
- Venue
- American Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2003-01-01
- Volume
- 157
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14-24
- ISSN
- 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2100384166
- Cited by
- 848
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 54 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 51
- FWCI
- 17.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service (S455/16-17, S0807-18/20, S1099-19/21)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD28684, R01HD028684)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Keywords
- preterm birth, maternal stress, pregnancy-related anxiety, life events, social support, depression, perceived racial discrimination, neighborhood safety, membrane rupture, labor, psychosocial risk factors, pregnancy outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Black or African American, Female, Humans, Obstetric Labor, Premature, Life Change Events, Life Style, Mothers, North Carolina, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Prejudice, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Residence Characteristics, Risk Factors, Social Support, Stress, Psychological, Comorbidity, Multivariate Analysis, White People
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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