Reproducibility of Blood Pressure Response to the Cold Pressor Test: The GenSalt Study
Open accessAbstract
An elevated blood pressure (BP) response to the cold pressor test (CPT) is associated with increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, it is still unclear whether BP response to the CPT is a stable and reproducible trait over time. Using the same study protocol, the authors repeated the CPT 4.5 years after initial administration among 568 Han Chinese in rural northern China (2003-2005 and 2008-2009). BP was measured using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer prior to and 0, 1, 2, and 4 minutes after the participants immersed their hand in ice water (3°C-5°C) for 1 minute. Absolute BP levels and BP responses during the CPT in the initial and repeated administrations were highly correlated. For example, the correlation coefficients were 0.67, 0.73, 0.71, and 0.72 for absolute systolic BP levels at 0, 1, 2, and 4 minutes after ice-water immersion (all P 's < 0.0001). The correlation coefficients for systolic BP response were 0.41 at 0 minutes, 0.37 at 1 minute, 0.42 for maximum response, and 0.39 for the area under the curve during CPT (all P 's < 0.0001). These data indicate that BP response to the CPT is a long-term reproducible and stable characteristic in the general population.
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The cold-pressor test is a well-established, safe, and reproducible method to induce a blood pressure response.
“In this scenario, we demonstrated the responsiveness of our system to controlled changes of BP with a cold-pressor test, a well-established, safe, and reproducible method to induce a BP response (53).”
From Comprehensive pregnancy monitoring with a network of wireless, soft, and flexible sensors in high- and low-resource health settings (2021) · cites this paper as [53]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Zhao, Q., Bazzano, L. A., Cao, J., Li, J., Chen, J., Huang, J., Chen, J., Kelly, T. N., Chen, C.-S., Hu, D., Ma, J., Rice, T. K., He, J., & Gu, D.
- Affiliations
- Tulane University (US)
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- Shenzhen University (CN)
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CN)
- Venue
- American Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2012-10-01
- Volume
- 176
- Issue
- suppl 7
- Pages
- S91-S98
- ISSN
- 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-6256
- PMC
- PMC3530368
- OpenAlex
- W2139949041
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Tulane University
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Shenzhen University
- Peking Union Medical College
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U01HL072507, R01HL090682, R01HL087263)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Keywords
- cold pressor test, blood pressure response, reproducibility, trait stability, hypertension risk, cardiovascular risk, systolic blood pressure, Han Chinese, ice water immersion, repeated measures
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Blood Pressure, Blood Pressure Determination, China, Cold Temperature, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Middle Aged, Reproducibility of Results, Young Adult
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