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Cited by 26Blood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesDiabetes Treatment and ManagementPharmacology and Obesity Treatment

GLP-1 receptor agonists and blood pressure: a state-of-the-art review of mechanisms, evidence, and clinical implications

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Moiz, Areesha, Zolotarova, Tetiana, Filion, Kristian B, Eisenberg, Mark J·2026·American Journal of Hypertension
DOI 10.1093/ajh/hpaf205PMC PMC13080269
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Abstract

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and, more recently, for weight management among individuals without diabetes. Aim: This review synthesizes the current evidence on the mechanisms by which GLP-1 RAs affect BP, their clinical effects across populations, and the implications for patient care. We discuss subpopulations who may benefit from their BP-lowering effects, identify limitations in the existing evidence, and explore future directions for research. Results: Beyond their metabolic effects, growing evidence suggests that GLP-1 RAs produce modest reductions in BP, typically 2-5 mm Hg systolic, across diverse populations with diabetes, obesity, or at high cardiovascular risk. These reductions appear to be driven primarily by weight loss, with additional contributions from potential weight-independent mechanisms such as natriuresis, improved endothelial function, and attenuation of vascular inflammation. Although smaller in magnitude than those achieved with traditional antihypertensive drugs, the BP-lowering effects of GLP-1 RAs can translate into meaningful cardiovascular risk reduction at the population level and provide additive BP benefit when used alongside conventional therapies. Among individuals with hypertension, GLP-1 RAs are generally well tolerated, although small increases in heart rate and potential interactions with volume-regulating medications may warrant clinical attention. Conclusion: As newer GLP-based therapies continue to emerge, a clearer understanding of their effects on BP may inform more integrated approaches to cardiometabolic care.

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  • Additional weight-independent mechanisms, including direct anti-inflammatory, endothelial, and vascular effects, may contribute to the cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1 RAs.

    “additional weight-independent mechanisms may contribute to these benefits, including direct anti-inflammatory, endothelial, and vascular effects, as suggested by preclinical studies”

    From Weight maintenance after discontinuation of GLP-1 therapies (2026) · cites this paper as [35]

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Sorted by citations

Authors
Moiz, A., Zolotarova, T., Filion, K. B., & Eisenberg, M. J.
Affiliations
Jewish General Hospital (CA)
Corresponding author
Eisenberg, Mark J
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Hypertension
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2025-10-23
Volume
39
Issue
5
Pages
611-622
ISSN
  • 0895-7061 (ISSN-L)
  • 1941-7225
DOI
10.1093/ajh/hpaf205
PMC
PMC13080269
OpenAlex
W4415492833
Cited by
26
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 26
FWCI
4.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • American Journal of Hypertension (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Fond de recherche du Québec-Santé
  • McGill University
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
Keywords
GLP-1 receptor agonists, blood pressure, antihypertensive effect, type 2 diabetes, obesity, weight loss, sodium excretion, endothelial function, vascular inflammation, cardiovascular risk reduction, hypertension, heart rate
MeSH terms
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, Animals, Antihypertensive Agents, Blood Pressure, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Hypertension, Hypoglycemic Agents, Obesity, Treatment Outcome, Incretins

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