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Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
Background Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists differ in chemical structure, duration of action, and in their effects on clinical outcomes. The cardiovascular effects of once-weekly albiglutide in type 2 diabetes are unknown. We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of albiglutide in preventing cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke.Methods We did a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 610 sites across 28 countries. We randomly assigned patients aged 40 years and older with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (at a 1:1 ratio) to groups that either received a subcutaneous injection of albiglutide (30-50 mg, based on glycaemic response and tolerability) or of a matched volume of placebo once a week, in addition to their standard care. Investigators used an interactive voice or web response system to obtain treatment assignment, and patients and all study investigators were masked to their treatment allocation. We hypothesised that albiglutide would be non-inferior to placebo for the primary outcome of the first occurrence of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, which was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. If non-inferiority was confirmed by an upper limit of the 95% CI for a hazard ratio of less than 1·30, closed testing for superiority was prespecified. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02465515.Findings Patients were screened between July 1, 2015, and Nov 24, 2016. 10 793 patients were screened and 9463 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to groups: 4731 patients were assigned to receive albiglutide and 4732 patients to receive placebo. On Nov 8, 2017, it was determined that 611 primary endpoints and a median follow-up of at least 1·5 years had accrued, and participants returned for a final visit and discontinuation from study treatment; the last patient visit was on March 12, 2018. These 9463 patients, the intention-to-treat population, were evaluated for a median duration of 1·6 years and were assessed for the primary outcome. The primary composite outcome occurred in 338 (7%) of 4731 patients at an incidence rate of 4·6 events per 100 person-years in the albiglutide group and in 428 (9%) of 4732 patients at an incidence rate of 5·9 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·78, 95% CI 0·68-0·90), which indicated that albiglutide was superior to placebo (p<0·0001 for non-inferiority; p=0·0006 for superiority). The incidence of acute pancreatitis (ten patients in the albiglutide group and seven patients in the placebo group), pancreatic cancer (six patients in the albiglutide group and five patients in the placebo group), medullary thyroid carcinoma (zero patients in both groups), and other serious adverse events did not differ between the two groups. There were three (<1%) deaths in the placebo group that were assessed by investigators, who were masked to study drug assignment, to be treatment-related and two (<1%) deaths in the albiglutide group.Interpretation In patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, albiglutide was superior to placebo with respect to major adverse cardiovascular events. Evidence-based glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists should therefore be considered as part of a comprehensive strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes.Funding GlaxoSmithKline.
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In the citing paper
“Major cardiovascular trials in patients with T2DM, including the LEADER, SUSTAIN-6, HARMONY Outcomes and REWIND trials, 22 -25 have collectively demonstrated a significant reduction in cardiovascular death with GLP-1RA therapy, ranging from 12% to 26%.”
From Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists improve biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials (2021) · cites this paper as [24]
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In the citing paper
“The GLP-1 receptor agonists with favorable CKD outcomes include lixisenatide, exenatide (once weekly), liraglutide, semaglutide, albiglutide, dulaglutide, and efpeglenatide (67,68,70,72–76).”
From Diabetes management in chronic kidney disease: a consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) (2022) · cites this paper as [68]
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In the citing paper
“albiglutide demonstrated cardiovascular benefit despite relatively modest effects on body weight (22% reduction in MACE with <1 kg placebo-adjusted weight loss at 16 months)”
From Weight maintenance after discontinuation of GLP-1 therapies (2026) · cites this paper as [36]
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In the citing paper
“Albiglutide also demonstrated a 22% reduction in the risk of major cardiovascular events compared to placebo in T2DM patients in comorbidity with cardiovascular disease in the HARMONY outcomes trial, 99 without significant weight loss.”
From The effect of GLP ‐1 receptor agonists on circulating inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetes patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis (2025) · cites this paper as [99]
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In the citing paper
“Results of trials with semaglutide, albiglutide, and dulaglutide, once-weekly GLP-1 RAs, were consistent with the LEADER trial (262-264).”
From 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [263]
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In the citing paper
“Results of trials with the GLP-1 RAs liraglutide (once daily) and semaglutide, albiglutide, efpeglenatide, and dulaglutide (once weekly) have all shown evidence of a reduction in major atherosclerotic cardiovascular outcomes (MI, stroke, or cardiovascular death) (251–256).”
From 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026 (2026) · cites this paper as [256]
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In the citing paper
“In cardiovascular outcomes trials, GLP-1 receptor agonists reduced risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with T2D (67–70).”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Clinical trials have shown that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists reduce the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events among patients with high cardiovascular risk and type 2 diabetes, [2][3][4][5][6][7]”
From Cardiovascular outcomes with tirzepatide versus dulaglutide in type 2 diabetes (2025) · cites this paper as [4]
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In the citing paper
“There may also be atypical variants of diabetic neuropathy such as small-fiber neuropathies, which present predominantly with pain and autonomic features.636,637”
From American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update. (2022) · cites this paper as [637]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Under hyperglycemic conditions, GLP-1RAs regulate hypertension by inhibiting carotid body function.468”
From Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor: mechanisms and advances in therapy (2024) · cites this paper as [468]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“GLP1-RA have been shown to reduce MACE in patients with T2D with A1c elevation >6.5%, who were at high cardiovascular risk or had established CVD (Table 1) [37], [38], [39], [40], [41].”
From Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in diabetic kidney disease: a review of their kidney and heart protection (2023) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Most GLP-1 RAs had a neutral effect on risk of HF hospitalization in the placebo-controlled RCTs assessing CV safety of glucose-lowering medications in patients with T2DM with or at high risk of ASCVD, despite increasing heart rate by 3-5 b.p.m. 70,72,158- 163,544”
From 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. (2023) · cites this paper as [160]
In the citing paper
“GLP-1 RAs (lixisenatide, liraglutide, semaglutide, exenatide ER, dulaglutide, efpeglenatide) have a neutral effect on the risk of HF hospitalization, and should be considered for glucose-lowering treatment in patients with T2DM at risk of or with HF. 70,158-164,545 IIa A”
From 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. (2023) · cites this paper as [160]
In the citing paper
“Harmony Outcomes (n=9463) reported a 22% RRR in MACEs (7.1% versus 9.0) with albiglutide in patients with T2DM and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease”
From Clinical management of stable coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association (2020) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Over a median duration of 1.6 years, the GLP-1 receptor agonist reduced the risk of cardiovascular death, MI, or stroke to an incidence rate of 4.6 events per 100 person-years in the albiglutide group vs. 5.9 events in the placebo group (HR ratio 0.78, P = 0.0006 for superiority) (206).”
From 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023 (2023) · cites this paper as [206]
In the citing paper
“and four FDA-approved GLP-1 receptor agonists (liraglutide, albiglutide [although that agent was removed from the market for business reasons], semaglutide [lower risk of cardiovascular events in a moderate-sized clinical trial but one not powered as a cardiovascular outcomes trial], and dulaglutide).”
From 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023 (2023) · cites this paper as [206]
In the citing paper
“some reduce the risk of cardiovascular (CV) events in those with high CV risk”
In the citing paper
“Some GLP-1RAs [albiglutide, efpeglenatide, dulaglutide, liraglutide and once-weekly (OW) semaglutide] reduce the risk of major adverse CV events (MACE) in people with T2D with established CVD or at high risk of CVD [6][7][8][9][10].”
In the citing paper
“To date, randomized clinical trials of albiglutide, dulaglutide, liraglutide, and injectable semaglutide have reported favorable cardiovascular outcomes.”
From Use of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [8]
In the citing paper
“Harmony Outcomes was the only trial that demonstrated prevention of HF events in at-risk patients with type 2 diabetes; albiglutide was associated with a statistically significant reduction in HF hospitalization (hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53–0.94; P < .001).4,8”
From Use of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [8]
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Metadata
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- Hernandez, A. F., Green, J. B., Janmohamed, S., D'Agostino, R. B., Granger, C. B., Jones, N. P., Leiter, L. A., Rosenberg, A. E., Sigmon, K. N., Somerville, M. C., Thorpe, K. M., McMurray, J. J. V., Del Prato, S., Del Prato, S., McMurray, J. J. V., D'Agostino, R. B., Granger, C. B., Hernandez, A. F., Janmohamed, S., Leiter, L. A., Califf, R. M., Holman, R., DeMets, D., Riddle, M., Goodman, S., McGuire, D., Alexander, K., Devore, A., Melloni, C., Patel, C., Kong, D., Bloomfield, G., Roe, M., Tricoci, P., Harrison, R., Lopes, R., Mathews, R., Mehta, R., Schuyler Jones, W., Vemulapalli, S., Povsic, T., Eapen, Z., Dombrowski, K., Kolls, B., Jordan, D., Ambrosy, A., Greene, S., Mandawat, A., Shavadia, J., Cooper, L., Sharma, A., Guimaraes, P., Friedman, D., Wilson, M., Endsley, P., Gentry, T., Collier, J., Perez, K., James, K., Roush, J., Pope, C., Howell, C., Johnson, M., Bailey, M., Cole, J., Akers, T., Vandyne, B., Thomas, B., Rich, J., Bartone, S., Beaulieu, G., Brown, K., Chau, T., Christian, T., Coker, R., Greene, D., Haddock, T., Jenkins, W., Haque, G., Marquess, M., Pesarchick, J., Rethaford, R., Stone, A., Al Kawas, F., Anderson, M., Enns, R., Sinay, I., Mathieu, C., Yordanov, V., Hramiak, I., Haluzik, M., Galatius, S., Guerci, B., Nauck, M., Migdalis, I., Tan, C. B. K., Kocsis, G., Giaccari, A., Lee, M. K., Muñoz, E. G. C., Cornel, J., Birkeland, K., Pinto, M., Tirador, L., Olesinska-Mader, M., Shestakova, M., Distiller, L., Lopez-Sendon, J., Eliasson, B., Chiang, C.-E., Srimahachota, S., Mankovsky, B., Bethel, M. A., Dungan, K., Kosiborod, M., Alvarisqueta, A., Baldovino, J., Besada, D., Calella, P., Cantero, M. C., Castaño, P., Chertkoff, A., Cuadrado, J., De Loredo, L., Dominguez, A., Español, M. V., Finkelstein, H., Frechtel, G., Fretes, J., Garrido Santos, N., Gonzalez, J., Litvak, M., Loureyro, J., Maffei, L., Maldonado, N., Mohr Gasparini, D., Orio, S., Perez Manghi, F., Rodriguez Papini, N., Sala, J., Schygiel, P., Sposetti, G., Ulla, M., Verra, F., Zabalua, S., Zaidman, C., Crenier, L., Debroye, C., Duyck, F., Scheen, A., Van Gaal, L., Vercammen, C., Damyanova, V., Dimitrov, S., Kovacheva, S., Lozanov, L., Margaritov, V., Mihaylova-Shumkova, R., Nikolaeva, A., Stoyanova, Z., Akhras, R., Beaudry, Y., Bedard, J., Berlingieri, J., Chehayeb, R., Cheung, S., Conway, J., Cusson, J., Della Siega, A., Dumas, R., Dzongowski, P., Ferguson, M., Gaudet, D., Grondin, F., Gupta, A., Gupta, M., Halperin, F., Houle, P.-A., Jones, M., Kouz, S., Kovacs, C., Landry, D., Lonn, E., O'Mahony, W., Peterson, S., Reich, D., Rosenbloom, A., St-Maurice, F., Tugwell, B., Vizel, S., Woo, V., Brychta, T., Cech, V., Dvorakova, E., Edelsberger, T., Halciakova, K., Krizova, J., Lastuvka, J., Piperek, M., Prymkova, V., Raclavska, L., Silhova, E., Urbanek, R., Vrkoc, J., Andersen, U., Brønnum-Schou, J., Hove, J., Jensen, J. S., Kober, L., Kristiansen, O. P., Lund, P., Melchior, T., Nyvad, O., Schou, M., Boye, A., Cadinot, D., Gouet, D., Henry, P., Kessler, L., Lalau, J.-D., Petit, C., Thuan, J.-F., Voinot, C., Vouillarmet, J., Axthelm, C., Berger, D., Bieler, T., Birkenfeld, A., Bott, J., Busch, K., Caca, K., Chevts, J., Donaubauer, T., Erlinger, R., Funke, K., Grosskopf, J., Hagenow, A., Hamann, M., Hartard, M., Heymer, P., Huppertz, W., Illies, G., Jacob, S., Jung, T., Kahrmann, G., Kast, P., Kellerer, M., Kempe, H.-P., Khariouzov, A., Klausmann, G., Klein, C., Kleinecke-Pohl, U., Kleinertz, K., Koch, T., Kosch, C., Lorra, B., Luedemann, J., Luttermann, M., Maxeiner, S., Milek, K., Moelle, A., Neumann, G., Nischik, R., Oehrig-Pohl, E., Plassmann, G., Pohlmeier, L., Proepper, F., Regner, S., Rieker, W., Rose, L., Samer, H., Sauter, J., Schaper, F., Schiffer, C., Schmidt, J., Scholz, B.-M., Schulze, J., Segner, A., Seufert, J., Sigal, H., Steindorf, J., Stockhausen, J., Stuebler, P., Taeschner, H., Tews, D., Tschoepe, D., Wilhelm, K., Zeller-Stefan, H., Avramidis, I., Bousboulas, S., Bristianou, M., Dimitriadis, G., Elisaf, M., Kotsa, K., Melidonis, A., Mitrakou, A., Pagkalos, E., Papanas, N., Pappas, A., Sampanis, C., Tentolouris, N., Tsapas, A., Tzatzagou, G., Ozaki, R., Hajdú, C., Harcsa, E., Konyves, L., Mucsi, J., Pauker, Z., Petró, G., Plés, Z., Revesz, K., Sándor, V., Vass, V., Avogaro, A., Boemi, M., Bonadonna, R., Consoli, A., De Cosmo, S., Di Bartolo, P., Dotta, F., Frontoni, S., Galetta, M., Gambineri, A., Gazzaruso, C., Giorgino, F., Lauro, D., Orsi, E., Paolisso, G., Perriello, G., Piatti, P., Pontiroli, A., Ponzani, P., Rivellese, A. A., Sesti, G., Tonolo, G., Trevisan, R., Ahn, C. W., Baik, S.-H., Cha, B.-S., Chung, C.-H., Jang, H. C., Kim, C.-J., Kim, H. S., Kim, I. J., Lee, E. Y., Lee, H. W., Lee, K.-W., Moon, K.-W., Namgung, J., Park, K. S., Yoo, S. J., Yu, J., Llamas, E.-A. B., Cervantes-Escárcega, J.-L., Flota-Cervera, L. F., González-González, J. G., Pascoe-Gonzalez, S., Pelayo-Orozco, E. S., Ramirez-Diaz, S.-P., Saldana-Mendoza, A., Jerjes-Díaz, C. S., Torres-Colores, J. J., Vidrio-Velázquez, M., Villagordoa-Mesa, J., Beijerbacht, H. P., Groutars, R. G. E. J., Hoek, B. A., Hoogslag, P. A. M., Kooy, A., Kragten, J. A., Lieverse, A. G., Swart, H. P., Viergever, E. P., Ahlqvist, J., Cooper, J., Gulseth, H., Guttormsen, G., Wium, C., Arbañil, H., Calderon, J., Camacho, L., Espinoza, A. D., Garrido, E., Luna, A., Manrique, H., Revoredo, F. M., Gonzales, R. V., Rincon, L. 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R., Durán García, S., Elvira González, J., Fernández Rodríguez, J. M., Goday Arno, A., Gomez Huelgas, R., González Juanatey, J. R., Hernandez Mijares, A., Jiménez Díaz, V. A., Jodar Gimeno, E., Lucas Morante, T., Marazuela, M., Martell Claros, N., Mauricio Puente, D., Mena Ribas, E., Merino Torres, J. F., Mezquita Raya, P., Nubiola Calonge, A., Ordoñez Sánchez, X., Pascual Izuel, J. M., Perea Castilla, V., Pérez Pérez, A., Perez Soto, I., Quesada Charneco, M., Quesada Simón, A., Redón Mas, J., Rego Iraeta, A., Rodriguez Alvarez, M., Rodríguez Rodríguez, I., Sabán Ruiz, J., Soto González, A., Tinahones Madueno, F., Trescoli Serrano, C., Ulied Armiñana, A., Bachus, E., Berndtsson Blom, K., Eliasson, K., Koskinen, P., Larnefeldt, H., Lif-Tiberg, C., Linderfalk, C., Lund, G., Lundman, P., Moris, L., Olsson, Å., Salmonsson, S., Sanmartin Berglund, J., Sjöberg, F., Söderberg, S., Torstensson, I., Chen, J.-F., Tien, K. 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P., Khandelwal, C., Shaik, F., Nadar, M., Karka, M., Kadgaonkar, N., Gupta, N., Aher, N., Potnis, O., Naicker, P., Shinde, R., Sharma, R., Godse, R., Solanki, S., Sahu, S., Dumbre, S., Kumar, S., Patil, S., & Mandal, T.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- PAREXEL International (United States) (US)
- GlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom) (GB)
- University of Pisa (IT)
- Boston University (US)
- University of Glasgow (GB)
- St. Michael's Hospital (CA)
- ORCID
- Califf, Robert M
- Holman, Rury
- DeMets, David
- Riddle, Matthew
- Goodman, Shaun
- McGuire, Darren
- Patel, Chetan
- Bloomfield, Gerald
- Roe, Matthew
- Vemulapalli, Sreekanth
- Povsic, Thomas
- Dombrowski, Keith
- Kolls, Brad
- Ambrosy, Andrew
- Greene, Stephen
- Shavadia, Jay
- Cooper, Lauren
- Sharma, Abhinav
- Endsley, Patricia
- Jenkins, Wendy
- Mathieu, Chantal
- Hramiak, Irene
- Galatius, Søren
- Guerci, Bruno
- Nauck, Michael
- Migdalis, Ilias
- Giaccari, Andrea
- Cornel, Jan
- Shestakova, Marina
- Lopez-Sendon, Jose
- Chiang, Chern-En
- Srimahachota, Suphot
- Mankovsky, Boris
- Bethel, M Angelyn
- Dungan, Kathleen
- Kosiborod, Mikhail
- Frechtel, Gustavo
- Schygiel, Pablo
- Crenier, Laurent
- Scheen, André
- Vercammen, Chris
- Ferguson, Murdo
- Gaudet, Daniel
- Gupta, Anil
- Gupta, Milan
- Kouz, Simon
- Lonn, Eva
- Peterson, Sean
- Woo, Vincent
- Andersen, Ulla
- Hove, Jens
- Jensen, Jan Skov
- Kristiansen, Ole Peter
- Melchior, Thomas
- Nyvad, Ole
- Schou, Morten
- Henry, Patrick
- Kessler, Laurence
- Lalau, Jean-Daniel
- Vouillarmet, Julien
- Axthelm, Christoph
- Birkenfeld, Andreas
- Hartard, Manfred
- Jacob, Stephan
- Kellerer, Monika
- Seufert, Jochen
- Tews, Dietrich
- Tschoepe, Diethelm
- Avramidis, Iakovos
- Elisaf, Moses
- Kotsa, Kalliopi
- Melidonis, Andreas
- Mitrakou, Asimina
- Ozaki, Risa
- Avogaro, Angelo
- Bonadonna, Riccardo
- Consoli, Agostino
- Dotta, Francesco
- Frontoni, Simona
- Gambineri, Alessandra
- Gazzaruso, Carmine
- Giorgino, Francesco
- Lauro, Davide
- Orsi, Emanuela
- Paolisso, Giuseppe
- Perriello, Gabriele
- Pontiroli, Antonio
- Ponzani, Paola
- Rivellese, Angela Albarosa
- Sesti, Giorgio
- Tonolo, Giancarlo
- Trevisan, Roberto
- Ahn, Chul Woo
- Chung, Choon-Hee
- Jang, Hak Chul
- Kim, Chong-Jin
- Kim, Hye Soon
- Kim, In Joo
- Lee, Eun Young
- Lee, Hyoung Woo
- Lee, Kwan-Woo
- Moon, Keon-Woong
- Namgung, June
- Park, Kyong Soo
- Yoo, Soon Jib
- Yu, Jaemyung
- Kooy, Adriaan
- Gulseth, Hanne
- Wium, Cecilie
- Espinoza, Augusto Dextre
- Luna, Alejandro
- Revoredo, Frederick Massucco
- Gajek, Jacek
- Madej, Andrzej
- Trznadel-Morawska, Iwona
- Ershova, Olga
- Galstyan, Gagik
- Izmozherova, Nadezhda
- Kharakhulakh, Marina
- Kobalava, Zhanna
- Kosmacheva, Elena
- Kostin, Vladimir
- Mayorov, Alexander
- Moiseev, Sergey
- Myasoedova, Svetlana
- Petunina, Nina
- Rebrov, Andrey
- Samoylova, Julia
- Sazonova, Olga
- Verbovaya, Nelli
- Vorokhobina, Natalya
- Zhdanova, Elena
- Zykova, Tatyana
- Burgess, Lesley
- Bachus, Erasmus
- Lundman, Pia
- Sjöberg, Folke
- Söderberg, Stefan
- Chen, Jung-Fu
- Tien, Kai Jen
- Tseng, Shih-Ting
- Tu, Shih-Te
- Wang, Chih-Yuan
- Phrommintikul, Arintaya
- Hutayanon, Pisit
- Sansanayudh, Nakarin
- Fushtey, Ivan
- Katerenchuk, Vitaliy
- Mykhalchyshyn, Galyna
- Oleksyk, Olga
- Pashkovska, Nataliia
- Smirnov, Ivan
- Aye, Myint
- Baksi, Arun
- Issa, Basil
- O'Connell, Ian
- Pearson, Ewan
- Philip, Sam
- Banerjee, Subhash
- Baum, Howard
- Bays, Harold
- Beasley, Richard
- Bhargava, Anuj
- Bode, Bruce
- Eaton, Charles
- Firek, Anthony
- Hairston, Kristen
- Harrison, Lindsay
- Hejeebu, Srini
- Kim, Ellen
- Li, Zhaoping
- Phillips, Lawrence
- Rasouli, Neda
- Singh, Narendra
- Suh, David
- Tahir, Mohammed
- Tan, Marilyn
- Tripathy, Devjit
- Uwaifo, Gabriel
- Vo, Anthony
- Lindsay, Alistair
- Soffer, Joseph
- Ackert, Jessica
- Kulkarni, Mangesh
- Casson, Ed
- Chen, David
- Smith, Peter
- Watson, David
- Li, Wenyan
- McLaughlin, Patricia
- Schubert, Jessica
- Kumari, Aditi
- Gupta, Nikita
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-10
- Volume
- 392
- Issue
- 10157
- Pages
- 1519-1529
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W2894746763
- Cited by
- 1,829
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 178 · 2025: 193 · 2024: 227 · 2023: 171 · 2022: 209 · 2021: 281 · 2020: 307 · 2019: 233 · 2018: 27
- FWCI
- 168.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa) (submittedVersion)
- Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University) (submittedVersion)
- BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (submittedVersion)
- Lirias (submittedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Abbott Laboratories
- Amgen
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Pfizer
- AstraZeneca
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Sanofi
- Gilead Sciences
- CSL Behring
- Boston Scientific Corporation
- Novo Nordisk
- Servier
- Sirtex Medical
- National Institutes of Health
- Daiichi Sankyo Europe
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- albiglutide, GLP-1 receptor agonists, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular outcomes, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, non-inferiority, subcutaneous administration, secondary prevention, glycemic control, intention-to-treat analysis
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Double-Blind Method, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Injections, Subcutaneous, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Treatment Outcome, Stroke, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Kaplan-Meier Estimate
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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