CAFE: a computational tool for the study of gene family evolution
Open accessAbstract
Summary: We present CAFE (Computational Analysis of gene Family Evolution), a tool for the statistical analysis of the evolution of the size of gene families. It uses a stochastic birth and death process to model the evolution of gene family sizes over a phylogeny. For a specified phylogenetic tree, and given the gene family sizes in the extant species, CAFE can estimate the global birth and death rate of gene families, infer the most likely gene family size at all internal nodes, identify gene families that have accelerated rates of gain and loss (quantified by a p-value) and identify which branches cause the p-value to be small for significant families. Availability: Software is available from Contact: mwh@indiana.edu
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Six of these 621 orthogroups show evidence of gene family expansion and contraction within Danio as detected by CAFÉ.
“Six of these 621 orthogroups show evidence of gene family expansion and contraction within Danio as detected by CAFÉ43.”
From Genomic and genetic insights into speciation and pigment pattern diversification in <i>Danio</i> fishes (2025) · cites this paper as [43]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Lauritzen,S.L. (1996) Graphical Models. Clarendon Press, Oxford, UK.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The yak genome and adaptation to life at high altitude
Qiu, Q., Zhang, G., Ma, T., Qian, W., Wang, J., Ye, Z., Cao, C., Hu, Q., Kim, J., Larkin, D. M., et al. (2012) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.2343 · Cited by 971 · see citing works
CAFE 5 models variation in evolutionary rates among gene families
Mendes, F. K., Vanderpool, D., Fulton, B., & Hahn, M. W. (2021) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa1022 · Cited by 833 · see citing works
Self-citationThe sheep genome illuminates biology of the rumen and lipid metabolism
Jiang, Y., Xie, M., Chen, W., Talbot, R., Maddox, J. F., Faraut, T., Wu, C., Muzny, D. M., Li, Y., Zhang, W., et al. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1252806 · Cited by 514 · see citing works
Large-scale ruminant genome sequencing provides insights into their evolution and distinct traits
Chen, L., Qiu, Q., Jiang, Y., Wang, K., Lin, Z., Li, Z., Bibi, F., Yang, Y., Wang, J., Nie, W., et al. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aav6202 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Montague, M. J., Li, G., Gandolfi, B., Khan, R., Aken, B. L., Searle, S. M. J., Minx, P., Hillier, L. W., Koboldt, D. C., Davis, B. W., et al. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1410083111 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
Self-citationGenomic diversity and evolution of the head crest in the rock pigeon
Shapiro, M. D., Kronenberg, Z., Li, C., Domyan, E. T., Pan, H., Campbell, M., Tan, H., Huff, C. D., Hu, H., Vickrey, A. I., et al. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1230422 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Gene expression variability across cells and species shapes innate immunity
Hagai, T., Chen, X., Miragaia, R. J., Rostom, R., Gomes, T., Kunowska, N., Henriksson, J., Park, J.-E., Proserpio, V., Donati, G., et al. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0657-2 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Genome variation in Cryptococcus gattii, an emerging pathogen of immunocompetent hosts
D’Souza, C. A., Kronstad, J. W., Taylor, G., Warren, R., Yuen, M., Hu, G., Jung, W. H., Sham, A., Kidd, S. E., Tangen, K., et al. (2011) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.00342-10 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Genomic legacy of the African cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus
Dobrynin, P., Liu, S., Tamazian, G., Xiong, Z., Yurchenko, A. A., Krasheninnikova, K., Kliver, S., Schmidt-Küntzel, A., Koepfli, K.-P., Johnson, W., et al. (2015) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-015-0837-4 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Fifteen Million Years of Evolution in the Oryza Genus Shows Extensive Gene Family Expansion
Jacquemin, J., Ammiraju, J. S. S., Haberer, G., Billheimer, D. D., Yu, Y., Liu, L. C., Rivera, L. F., Mayer, K., Chen, M., & Wing, R. A. (2014) · Molecular Plant · doi:10.1093/mp/sst149 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
A phylogenetic approach to comparative genomics
Dewar, A. E., Belcher, L. J., & West, S. A. (2025) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-024-00803-0 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Computational workflow for analysis of gain and loss of genes in distantly related genomes
Ptitsyn, A., & Moroz, L. L. (2012) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/1471-2105-13-s15-s5 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Bian, C., 深圳大学生命与海洋科学学院水产基因组学实验室, 广. 深. 5., Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, C. O. L. S. A. O., Li, R.-H., Ruan, Z.-Q., Chen, W.-T., Huang, Y., Liu, L.-Y., Zhou, H.-L., Chong, C.-M., et al. (2024) · Zoological Research · doi:10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2023.396 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Lu, J., Podobnik, M., Huang, J., McCluskey, B. M., McCarthy, S. A., Wood, J., Collins, J., Torrance, J., Sims, Y., Gao, D., et al. (2025) · doi:10.1101/2025.10.17.682988 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
- Authors
- De Bie, T., Cristianini, N., Demuth, J. P., & Hahn, M. W.
- Affiliations
- K.U.Leuven, OKP Research Group 1 1 Tiensestraat 102, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Indiana University Bloomington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hahn, Matthew W.
- Venue
- Bioinformatics
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-03-16
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1269-1271
- ISSN
- 1367-4803 (ISSN-L)
- 1367-4811
- OpenAlex
- W2122821321
- Cited by
- 1,790
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 127 · 2025: 167 · 2024: 189 · 2023: 212 · 2022: 284 · 2021: 269 · 2020: 182 · 2019: 88 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 3.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Bioinformatics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
- Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (0528465)
- National Institutes of Health
- National Human Genome Research Institute (R33HG003070)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Keywords
- gene family evolution, gene family size, birth-death processes, phylogenetic tree, gene gain and loss, stochastic modeling, gene family expansion and contraction
- MeSH terms
- Algorithms, Chromosome Mapping, DNA Mutational Analysis, Multigene Family, Phylogeny, Software, User-Computer Interface, Genetic Variation, Evolution, Molecular
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review