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A Reevaluation of the Common Factor Theory of Shared Variance Among Age, Sensory Function, and Cognitive Function in Older Adults

Anstey, K. J., Luszcz, M. A., Sanchez, L.·2001·The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences

DOI 10.1093/geronb/56.1.p3

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Abstract

The common cause hypothesis of the relationship among age, sensory measures, and cognitive measures in very old adults was reevaluated. Both sensory function and processing speed were evaluated as mediators of the relationship between age and cognitive function. Cognitive function was a latent variable that comprised 3 factors including memory, speed, and verbal ability. The sample was population based and comprised very old adults (n = 894; mean age = 77.7, SD = 5.6 years) from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing. The results showed that there was common variance in the cognitive factor shared by age, speed, vision, and hearing but that specific effects of age on cognition remained. Furthermore, speed did not fully mediate the effect of age or sensory function on cognition. Some age differences in cognitive performance are not explained by the same processes that explain age differences in sensory function and processing speed.

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Authors: Anstey, K. J., Luszcz, M. A., & Sanchez, L.
Affiliations: UNSW Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author: Anstey, K. J.
ORCID: Anstey, K. J.
Luszcz, M. A.
Sanchez, L.
Venue: The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2001-01-01
Volume: 56
Issue: 1
Pages: P3-P11
ISSN: 1079-5014 (ISSN-L)
1758-5368
DOI: 10.1093/geronb/56.1.p3
OpenAlex: W2142810225
Cited by: 134
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 8.30
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: The Journals of Gerontology Series B (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
Keywords: shared variance, age differences in cognition, sensory function, processing speed, vision, hearing, oldest old, mediation, cognitive aging, memory, verbal ability
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Auditory Threshold, Cognition, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychometrics, Reaction Time, Sensation, Visual Acuity, Reproducibility of Results

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A Reevaluation of the Common Factor Theory of Shared Variance Among Age, Sensory Function, and Cognitive Function in Older Adults

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