Age-Related Facilitation in Recall Following Semantic Processing
Abstract
The present experiment was an attempt to reduce or eliminate the age-related deficit in recall following a semantic processing task. It was hypothesized that variables that might affect depth or elaborateness of semantic processing would consequently affect the size and direction of recall differences between younger and older adults. Specifically, we tested for the effects of differential word familiarity and one vs two semantic tasks on recall in young and older adults following semantic processing. The results demonstrated that word familiarity and number of processing tasks both had a strong effect on recall. Older adults benefited as much from additional semantic processing as younger adults. Additionally, older adults actually showed higher recall than younger adults when subjects processed words more familiar to older adults. These results demonstrate that, given appropriate conditions, older adults may actually show higher performance in a memory task than younger adults.
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Manipulations aimed at enforcing semantic encoding lead to more encoding than simple instructions to attend.
“Manipulations aimed at enforcing semantic encoding (eg, make up a story with these words) lead to more encoding than simple instructions to attend. 44”
From Domains of cognition and their assessment (2019) · cites this paper as [44]
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- Authors
- Barrett, T. R., & Wright, M.
- ORCID
- Wright, M.
- Venue
- Journal of Gerontology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1981-03-01
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 194-199
- ISSN
- 0022-1422 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1995536054
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2019: 1 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 0.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Gerontology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- age-related memory decline, semantic processing, memory retrieval, word familiarity, older adults, elaborative processing, semantic tasks
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aging, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Mental Recall, Semantics
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