Oxidative depolymerization of polysaccharides by reactive oxygen/nitrogen species
Open accessAbstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are constantly produced and are tightly regulated to maintain a redox balance (or homeostasis) together with antioxidants (e.g. superoxide dismutase and glutathione) under normal physiological circumstances. These ROS/RNS have been shown to be critical for various biological events including signal transduction, aging, apoptosis, and development. Despite the known beneficial effects, an overproduction of ROS/RNS in the cases of receptor-mediated stimulation and disease-induced oxidative stress can inflict severe tissue damage. In particular, these ROS/RNS are capable of degrading macromolecules including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids as well as polysaccharides, and presumably lead to their dysfunction. The purpose of this review is to highlight (1) chemical mechanisms related to cell-free and cell-based depolymerization of polysaccharides initiated by individual oxidative species; (2) the effect of ROS/RNS-mediated depolymerization on the successive cleavage of the glycosidic linkage of polysaccharides by glycoside hydrolases; and (3) the potential biological outcome of ROS/RNS-mediated depolymerization of polysaccharides.
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Microbial metabolism and nutrient oxidation during fermentation can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), leading to fragmentation of polysaccharides, which may alter their molecular functions.
“Emerging evidence indicates that microbial metabolism and nutrient oxidation during fermentation can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), leading to the fragmentation of polysaccharides, which may alter their molecular functions [73].”
From The Metabolic Pathways of Yeast and Acetic Acid Bacteria During Fruit Vinegar Fermentation and Their Influence on Flavor Development (2025) · cites this paper as [73]
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Symbionts exploit complex signaling to educate the immune system
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- Authors
- Duan, J., & Kasper, D. L.
- Affiliations
- Northwest A&F University (CN)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Glycobiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-10-28
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 401-409
- ISSN
- 0959-6658 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2423
- PMC
- PMC3055593
- OpenAlex
- W2166746630
- Cited by
- 267
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 0.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Glycobiology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI039576)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Keywords
- oxidative depolymerization, polysaccharides, reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, oxidative stress, glycosidic linkage cleavage, glycoside hydrolases, polysaccharide degradation, redox homeostasis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antigen-Presenting Cells, Glycoside Hydrolases, Humans, Neutrophils, Oxidation-Reduction, Plants, Polysaccharides, Reactive Oxygen Species, Reactive Nitrogen Species, Endothelial Cells, Plant Cells
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