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Improving physical fitness and emotional well-being in adolescents of low socioeconomic status in Chile: results of a school-based controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
Regular physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality, and mortality due to cardiovascular disease and cancer. Among adolescents, physical activity is associated with benefits in the prevention and control of emotional distress, and improvement of self-esteem. Countries in transitional epidemiological scenarios, such as Chile, need to develop effective strategies to improve physical activity as a way to face the epidemic of chronic diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a school-based physical activity program on physical fitness and mental health status of adolescents living in a low socioeconomic status area in Santiago, Chile. A quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate the effects of the program over one academic year. The study included 198 students aged 15 years old. Two ninth grade classes were randomly selected as the intervention group, with two classes of the same grade as controls. A social planning approach was used to develop the intervention. The program was designed and implemented based on student preferences, teachers' expertise and local resources. Changes in physiological and mental health status were assessed. After the intervention, maximum oxygen capacity achieved a significant increase of 8.5% in the intervention versus 1.8% in the control group (p < 0.0001). Speed and jump performance scores improved significantly more in the intervention versus the control group (p > 0.01). Anxiety score decreased 13.7% in the intervention group versus 2.8% in the control group (p < 0.01), and self-esteem score increased 2.3% in the intervention group and decreased 0.1% in the control group after the end of the program (p < 0.0001). No significant change was observed in the depressive score. Student participation and compliance with the program was > 80%. To conclude, a school-based program to improve physical activity in adolescents of low socioeconomic status, obtained a high level of participation and achieved significant benefits in terms of physical fitness and mental health status.
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“Moderate-to-vigorous-intensity interventions showed improvements in depression symptoms,40 47 52–55 anxiety symptoms,40 47 52 55 59 60 self-esteem40 52 and mood states.52 62”
From Physical activity and exercise in youth mental health promotion: a scoping review (2020) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“Moderate-to-vigorous-intensity interventions showed improvements in depression symptoms,40 47 52–55 anxiety symptoms,40 47 52 55 59 60 self-esteem40 52 and mood states.52 62”
From Physical activity and exercise in youth mental health promotion: a scoping review (2020) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“Moderate-to-vigorous-intensity interventions showed improvements in depression symptoms,40 47 52–55 anxiety symptoms,40 47 52 55 59 60 self-esteem40 52 and mood states.52 62”
From Physical activity and exercise in youth mental health promotion: a scoping review (2020) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“Of the 22 included studies that did not recruit participants on the basis of elevated symptoms of mental health disorder, there was a demonstrated effect of PA/exercise improving mental health in 17 of these: affect,43 anxiety symptoms,40 52 57 59 body image,58 depression symptoms,35 52–55 57 fatigue,58 functioning,44 mood states,43 44 52 61 62 self-perception,56 quality of life,58 resilience,44”
From Physical activity and exercise in youth mental health promotion: a scoping review (2020) · cites this paper as [40]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bonhauser, M., Fernandez, G., Püschel, K., Yañez, F., Montero, J., Thompson, B., & Coronado, G.
- Affiliations
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (CL)
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bonhauser, Marco
- Venue
- Health Promotion International
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-03-23
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 113-122
- ISSN
- 0957-4824 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2245
- OpenAlex
- W2121236680
- Cited by
- 205
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 3.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Health Promotion International (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Life-span and Life-course Studies › Recreational Sport and Physical Activity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- school-based physical activity intervention, adolescents, low socioeconomic status, physical fitness, emotional well-being, anxiety, self-esteem, depression, chronic disease prevention, Santiago de Chile
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Psychology, Adolescent, Child, Chile, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Physical Fitness, Poverty, Schools, Self Concept, Health Behavior
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