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Prevalence of infertility and help seeking among 15 000 women and men
Open accessAbstract
STUDY QUESTION: What is the prevalence of infertility and of help seeking among women and men in Britain? SUMMARY ANSWER: One in eight women and one in ten men aged 16-74 years had experienced infertility, defined by unsuccessfully attempting pregnancy for a year or longer, and little more than half of these people sought medical or professional help. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Estimates of infertility and help seeking in Britain vary widely and are not easily comparable because of different definitions and study populations. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A cross-sectional population survey was conducted between 2010 and 2012 with a sample of 15 162 women and men aged 16-74 years. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Participants completed the Natsal-3 questionnaire, using computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) and computer-assisted self-interview (CASI). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The reported prevalence of infertility was 12.5% (CI 95% 11.7-13.3) among women and 10.1% (CI 95% 9.2-11.1) among men. Increased prevalence was associated with later cohabitation with a partner, higher socio-economic status and, for those who had a child, becoming parents at older ages. The reported prevalence of help seeking was 57.3% (CI 95% 53.6-61.0) among women and 53.2% (CI 95% 48.1-58.1) among men. Help seekers were more likely to be better educated and in higher status occupations and, among those who had a child, to have become parents later in life. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: These data are cross-sectional so it is not possible to establish temporality or infer causality. Self-reported data may be subject to recall bias. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: The study provides estimates of infertility and help seeking in Britain and the results indicate that the prevalence of infertility is higher among those delaying parenthood. Those with higher educational qualifications and occupational status are more likely to consult with medical professionals for fertility problems than others and these inequalities in help seeking should be considered by clinical practice and public health. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: Funding was provided by grants from the Medical Research Council and the Wellcome Trust, with support from the Economic and Social Research Council and the Department of Health. AMJ is a Governor of the Wellcome Trust. Other authors have no competing interests.
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“Also, the propensity to seek medical attention among women with pelvic pain and infertility is higher among women from higher compared with lower socio-economic status groups. 29”
From Risk of cardiovascular outcomes among women with endometriosis in the United Kingdom: a retrospective matched cohort study (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
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In the citing paper
“Socio-economic status may be a proxy marker for lifestyle risk factors associated with endometriosis in the UK.”
From Risk of cardiovascular outcomes among women with endometriosis in the United Kingdom: a retrospective matched cohort study (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Third, in previous observational studies that used surgically confirmed endometriosis as the case definition, the inclusion of non-surgically confirmed endometriosis cases in sensitivity analyses, 29 or in stratified analyses, 23 did not lead to changes in the observed effect estimates.”
From Risk of cardiovascular outcomes among women with endometriosis in the United Kingdom: a retrospective matched cohort study (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
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Disposition Options for Cryopreserved Embryos: Results of an Educational Program
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“9–15%, wobei nur etwa 55% der Paare professionelle Hilfe suchen [5].”
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“Increased prevalence is associated with advanced cohabitation with partners, higher socioeconomic status and in those who have had children, parenthood at an advanced age [13].”
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Female Infertility and Assisted Reproduction
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‘Fertility awareness methods’ als eerste stap voor koppels met fertiliteitsproblemen
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CLINICO-PHARMACOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF OVARIAN-MENSTRUAL CYCLE SUPPORT. Review
Turchak, D. V., & Хайтович, М. В. (2022) · Medical Science of Ukraine (MSU) · doi:10.32345/2664-4738.1.2022.11
"DECLINE OF SEMEN QUALITY AMONG MALES CONSULTED FOR COUPLE INFERTILITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA"
Stela, R., Mariana, S., & Moşin, V. (2022) · Archives of the Balkan Medical Union · doi:10.31688/abmu.2022.57.2.04
Aufgaben und Ziele der Andrologie
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Detección de Mycoplasma hominis y Ureaplasma urealyticum en parejas con infertilidad
Ávila, J. P., Escobedo, R. D. L., Cárdenas, J. E. G., Pérez, B. G., Reyna‐Beltrán, E., & García, J. A. (2022) · South Florida Journal of Development · doi:10.46932/sfjdv3n4-038
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Difficulties Experienced by Turkish Infertile Couples and Coping Strategies
Bilgin, Z., & Yılmaz, E. T. (2022) · Reproductive Medicine International · doi:10.23937/2643-4555/1710021
Curcuma longa as potent anti-infertiliy agents: In silico studies
Khotimah, H., Suprobo, N. R., Ermasari, A., Nuningtias, W. T., & Sutrisno, S. (2023) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/5.0117363
SECONDARY DATA ANALYSIS ON PESTICIDE-GENE-DISEASE RELATIONS
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Unfertilized oocytes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection and women’s age
Hoa, N. T., & Ha, N. M. (2023) · Tạp chí Nghiên cứu Y học · doi:10.52852/tcncyh.v161i12e11.1324
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RetractedImproving pregnancy chances and patient experiences in infertility
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Fertilité naturelle et infertilité : épidémiologie
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“Excessive physical activity, food disorders, and cancer are all probable causes [5,6].”
BackgroundEvaluation of Male Accessory Gland Markers and Seminal Parameters in Obese Infertile Men
Mera, R., Obaid, Z. M., Emran, T. M., & Eldahshan, R. M. (2023) · International Journal of Medical Arts · doi:10.21608/ijma.2023.167771.1526
“Table [2]: Comparison of physical semen characters, WBCs and RBCs count in the two study groups”
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Schuppe, H., & Köhn, F. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-65371-5_6
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Relationship between infant hypothyroidism and maternal thyroid disease
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Seminal glucose levels: a prognostic factor of sperm survival to cryopreservation?
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Nutrition et fertilité : la part du mâle
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Andrologisch-reproduktionsmedizinische Aspekte bei rheumatologischen Erkrankungen des Mannes
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“Infertility has the potentiality of affecting couples who have certain feelings such as humiliation, mistrust, social withdrawal and anger (Datta, et al, 2016; Tulppala, 2002).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Datta, J., Palmer, M. J., Tanton, C., Gibson, L. J., Jones, K. G., Macdowall, W., Glasier, A., Sonnenberg, P., Field, N., Mercer, C. H., Johnson, A. M., & Wellings, K.
- Affiliations
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
- Mortimer Market Centre (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Datta, J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Human Reproduction
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2016-06-30
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2108-2118
- ISSN
- 0268-1161 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2350
- PMC
- PMC4991655
- OpenAlex
- W2464514360
- Cited by
- 471
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 76 · 2021: 66 · 2020: 70 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 33.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Human Reproduction (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council and the Wellcome Trust
- Economic and Social Research Council and Department of Health
- National Institute for Health Research Methods Fellowship
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Health and Technologies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences
- Keywords
- infertility prevalence, help-seeking, fertility problems, delayed parenthood, socioeconomic disparities, educational attainment, occupational status, cohabitation, age at first birth, Natsal-3, Great Britain, recall bias
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Infertility, Female, Infertility, Male, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Surveys and Questionnaires, Prevalence, Young Adult
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