The DOI matches its Crossref record; 218 of the 222 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Epidemiology, diagnosis and management of hirsutism: a consensus statement by the Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Society
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hirsutism, defined by the presence of excessive terminal hair in androgen-sensitive areas of the female body, is one of the most common disorders in women during reproductive age. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and critical assessment of the available evidence pertaining to the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of hirsutism. RESULTS: The prevalence of hirsutism is ~10% in most populations, with the important exception of Far-East Asian women who present hirsutism less frequently. Although usually caused by relatively benign functional conditions, with the polycystic ovary syndrome leading the list of the most frequent etiologies, hirsutism may be the presenting symptom of a life-threatening tumor requiring immediate intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Following evidence-based diagnostic and treatment strategies that address not only the amelioration of hirsutism but also the treatment of the underlying etiology is essential for the proper management of affected women, especially considering that hirsutism is, in most cases, a chronic disorder needing long-term follow-up. Accordingly, we provide evidence-based guidelines for the etiological diagnosis and for the management of this frequent medical complaint.
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“Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are intrinsic to PCOS in adults and adolescents, lean or obese.”
From The Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome during Adolescence (2015) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“Hyperinsulinemia is believed to exacerbate the hyperandrogenism and the reproductive and metabolic manifestations of PCOS in adolescents.”
From The Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome during Adolescence (2015) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“With the exception of one published recommendation, none of the current definitions of PCOS in adolescent or adult women include insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia as a diagnostic criterion [1, 10-12, 18, 19, 112]”
From The Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome during Adolescence (2015) · cites this paper as [19]
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1 retracted
Items 201–218 of 218
Zhao, J., Chen, Z., Shi, Y., Geng, L., Ma, Z.-X., Li, Y., & Tang, R. (2007) · PubMed · Cited by 24
Hepatotoxicity during low-dose flutamide treatment for hirsutism
Castelo‐Branco, C., & Pino, M. L. D. (2009) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.1080/09513590902730754 · Cited by 23
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Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Carmina, 2001, Hirsutism, alopecia and acne
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome during Adolescence
Witchel, S. F., Oberfield, S., Rosenfield, R. L., Codner, E., Bonny, A., Ibáñez, L., Pena, A., Horikawa, R., Gomez-Lobo, V., Joel, D., et al. (2015) · Hormone Research in Paediatrics · doi:10.1159/000375530 · Cited by 3,113
Self-citationPolycystic Ovary Syndrome: Definition, Aetiology, Diagnosis and Treatment
Escobar-Morreale, H. F. (2018) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2018.24 · Cited by 2,083
Self-citationAzziz, R., Carmina, E., Chen, Z., Dunaif, A., Laven, J. S. E., Legro, R. S., Lizneva, D., Natterson-Horowtiz, B., Teede, H. J., & Yildiz, B. O. (2016) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2016.57 · Cited by 2,005
Self-citationDumesic, D. A., Oberfield, S. E., Stener-Victorin, E., Marshall, J. C., Laven, J. S., & Legro, R. S. (2015) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2015-1018 · Cited by 1,020
The polycystic ovary syndrome: a position statement from the European Society of Endocrinology
Conway, G., Dewailly, D., Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., Escobar-Morreale, H. F., Franks, S., Gambineri, A., Kelestimur, F., Macut, D., Micic, D., Pasquali, R., et al. (2014) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-14-0253 · Cited by 676
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Escobar-Morreale, H. F., Carmina, E., Dewailly, D., Gambineri, A., Kelestimur, F., Moghetti, P., Pugeat, M., Qiao, J., Wijeyaratne, C. N., Witchel, S. F., & Norman, R. J.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Alcalá (ES)
- University of Palermo (IT)
- Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre (FR)
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedliero-Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico di Sant'Orsola (IT)
- University of Verona (IT)
- Lyon 1 Université (FR)
- Peking University Third Hospital (CN)
- University of Colombo (LK)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- The University of Adelaide (AU)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Human Reproduction Update
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-11-06
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 146-170
- ISSN
- 1355-4786 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2369
- OpenAlex
- W2119532054
- Cited by
- 494
- References
- 222
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 50 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 23.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Human Reproduction Update (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Nova Science Publishers (Nova Science Publishers, Inc.) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Keywords
- hirsutism, hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovary syndrome, prevalence, pathophysiology, etiological diagnosis, long-term follow-up
- MeSH terms
- Androgens, Female, Hirsutism, Humans, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Societies, Medical, Hair Follicle
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