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Strategic management as distributed practical wisdom (phronesis)
Abstract
This article claims that effective strategic management requires distributed wisdom (which the philosopher Aristotle called “phronesis”). Strategy is created out of one's existential belief or commitment to a vision of the future, the ability to interpret one's environment and resources subjectively, and the interaction between subjectivity and objectivity. These abilities need to be distributed among organizational members. Strategy as distributed phronesis thus emerges from practice to pursue “common goodness” in each particular situation since a firm is an entity that pursues a universal ideal and a particular reality at the same time. Such idealistic pragmatism means that in a specific and dynamic context knowledge can be created and refined to become wisdom.
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Citations
Cited by
Teece, D. J. (2007) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.640 · Cited by 16,825
The quality of group tacit knowledge
Erden, Z., von Krogh, G., & Nonaka, I. (2008) · The Journal of Strategic Information Systems · doi:10.1016/j.jsis.2008.02.002 · Cited by 238
Self-citationParadoxes and Dual Processes: A Review and Synthesis
Keller, J., & Sadler‐Smith, E. (2019) · International Journal of Management Reviews · doi:10.1111/ijmr.12200 · Cited by 66
Metadata
- Authors
- Nonaka, I., & Toyama, R.
- Venue
- Industrial and Corporate Change
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2007-05-26
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 371-394
- ISSN
- 0960-6491 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-3650
- OpenAlex
- W1987305384
- Cited by
- 365
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 21.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Strategic management as distributed practical wisdom (phronesis). https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/icc/dtm014
- The paper
- Nonaka, I., & Toyama, R. (2007). Strategic management as distributed practical wisdom (phronesis). Industrial and Corporate Change. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtm014
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
