Meningococcal Carriage Following a Vaccination Campaign With MenB-4C and MenB-FHbp in Response to a University Serogroup B Meningococcal Disease Outbreak-Oregon, 2015–2016
Open accessAbstract
Background: Limited data exist on the impact of the serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) vaccines MenB-FHbp and MenB-4C on meningococcal carriage and herd protection. We therefore assessed meningococcal carriage following a MenB vaccination campaign in response to a university serogroup B meningococcal disease outbreak in 2015. Methods: A convenience sample of students recommended for vaccination provided oropharyngeal swab specimens and completed questionnaires during 4 carriage surveys over 11 months. Isolates were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, slide agglutination, and whole-genome sequencing. Vaccination history was verified via university records and the state immunization registry. Results: A total of 4225 oropharyngeal swab specimens from 3802 unique participants were analyzed. Total meningococcal and genotypically serogroup B carriage prevalence among sampled students were stable, at 11%-17% and 1.2%-2.4% during each round, respectively; no participants carried the outbreak strain. Neither 1-3 doses of MenB-FHbp nor 1-2 doses of MenB-4C was associated with decreased total or serogroup B carriage prevalence. Conclusions: While few participants completed the full MenB vaccination series, limiting analytic power, these data suggest that MenB-FHbp and MenB-4C do not have a large, rapid impact on meningococcal carriage and are unlikely to provide herd protection in the context of an outbreak response.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A N. meningitidis serogroup B protein-based vaccine has been developed and use has been shown to limit outbreaks.
“More recently a N. meningitidis serogroup B protein-based vaccine has been developed and use has been shown to limit outbreaks. [81, 82]”
From Global etiology of bacterial meningitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (2018) · cites this paper as [82]
The Introduction (page not specified) identifies two licensed protein-based MenB vaccines used in response to a university outbreak. But the Discussion (page not specified) does not show that their use limited outbreaks: it reports no large, rapid effect on carriage and says rapid herd protection is unlikely, while noting their role in individual protection. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Maiden, M. C. J., Bygraves, J. A., Feil, E. J., Morelli, G., Russell, J. E., Urwin, R., Zhang, Q., Zhou, J., Zurth, K., Caugant, D. A., et al. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.6.3140 · Cited by 3,838 · see citing works
BIGSdb: Scalable analysis of bacterial genome variation at the population level
Jolley, K. A., & Maiden, M. C. J. (2010) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/1471-2105-11-595 · Cited by 2,341 · see citing works
Cohn, A. C., MacNeil, J. R., Clark, T. A., Ortega‐Sanchez, I. R., Briere, E. Z., Meissner, H. C., Baker, C. J., & Messonnier, N. E. (2013) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2013-2511 · Cited by 1,845 · see citing works
Self-citationSummary of notifiable diseases--United States, 2012.
Adams, D. A., Jajosky, R. A., Ajani, U. A., Kriseman, J., Sharp, P., Onwen, D. H., Schley, A. W., Anderson, W. J., Grigoryan, A., Aranas, A. E., et al. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 1,342 · see citing works
Meningococcal carriage by age: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Christensen, H., May, M., Bowen, L., Hickman, M., & Trotter, C. L. (2010) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(10)70251-6 · Cited by 650 · see citing works
Maiden, M. C., & Stuart, J. M. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)08679-8 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Cohn, A. C., MacNeil, J. R., Harrison, L. H., Hatcher, C., Theodore, J., Schmidt, M., Pondo, T., Arnold, K. E., Baumbach, J., Bennett, N., et al. (2010) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/649209 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Self-citationRead, R. C., Baxter, D. N., Chadwick, D., Faust, S. N., Finn, A. H. R., Gordon, S. B., Heath, P. T., Lewis, D. J., Pollard, A. J., Turner, D. P. J., et al. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60842-4 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Social Behavior and Meningococcal Carriage in British Teenagers
MacLennan, J. M., Kafatos, G., Neal, K. R., et al. (2006) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid1206.051297 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Impact of the Serogroup A Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine, MenAfriVac, on Carriage and Herd Immunity
Kristiansen, P. A., Diomandé, F. V. K., Ba, A. K., et al. (2012) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/cis892 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Trotter, C. L., & Maiden, M. C. (2009) · Expert Review of Vaccines · doi:10.1586/erv.09.48 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Folaranmi, T. A., Rubin, L. G., Martin, S. W., et al. (2015) · PubMed · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Self-citationSummary of Notifiable Infectious Diseases and Conditions — United States, 2014
Adams, D. A., Thomas, K., Jajosky, R. A., Foster, L., Sharp, P., Onweh, D. H., Schley, A. W., Anderson, W. J., for the Nationally Notifiable Infectious Conditions Group, Nationally Notifiable Infectious Conditions Group, et al. (2016) · MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6354a1 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, X., Theodore, M. J., Mair, R. D., Trujillo-Lopez, E., du Plessis, M., Wolter, N., Baughman, A. L., Hatcher, C., Vuong, J. T., Lott, L., et al. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.06087-11 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Self-citationEmergence of Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Neisseria meningitidis in North America
Wu, H. M., Harcourt, B. H., Hatcher, C., Wei, S. C., Novak, R. T., Wang, X., Juni, B. A., Glennen, A., Boxrud, D. J., Rainbow, J., et al. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0806414 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Self-citationMothershed, E. A., Sacchi, C. T., Whitney, A. M., Barnett, G. A., Ajello, G. W., Schmink, S. E., Mayer, L. W., Phelan, M., Taylor, T. H., Bernhardt, S. A., et al. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.42.1.320-328.2004 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Self-citationsodC-Based Real-Time PCR for Detection of Neisseria meningitidis
Thomas, J. D., Hatcher, C., Satterfield, D. A., et al. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019361 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationSoeters, H. M., Whaley, M. J., Alexander-Scott, N. E., et al. (2017) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/cix091 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Jeppesen, C. A., Snape, M. D., Robinson, H., et al. (2015) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2015.02.006 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Kretz, C. B., Retchless, A. C., Sidikou, F., et al. (2016) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2210.160468 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationCarriage of Meningococci by University Students, United Kingdom
Ala’Aldeen, D. A. A. (2011) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid1709.101762 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
MENINGOCOCCAL COLONIZATION AND INFECTION IN CHILDREN AND THEIR HOUSEHOLD CONTACTS
Marks, M. I., Frasch, C. E., & Shapera, R. M. (1979) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112714 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Weiss, D., Stern, E. J., Zimmerman, C. M., Bregman, B., Yeung, A., Das, D., Dentinger, C., Marx, M. A., Kornblum, J. S., Lee, L., et al. (2009) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/597257 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationMeningococcal Carriage Among Georgia and Maryland High School Students
Harrison, L. H., Shutt, K. A., Arnold, K. E., Stern, E. J., Pondo, T., Kiehlbauch, J. A., Myers, R. A., Hollick, R. A., Schmink, S. E., Vello, M. S., et al. (2014) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiu679 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Global etiology of bacterial meningitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Oordt-Speets, A. M., Bolijn, R., van Hoorn, R. C., Bhavsar, A., & Kyaw, M. H. (2018) · PloS One · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0198772 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
- Authors
- McNamara, L. A., Thomas, J. D., MacNeil, J., Chang, H. Y., Day, M., Fisher, E., Martin, S., Poissant, T., Schmink, S. E., Steward-Clark, E., Jenkins, L. T., Wang, X., Acosta, A., Oregon Meningococcal Carriage Team, Angelo, K., Blain, A., Cassiday, P., Changayil, S., Church, E. C., Diebold, K., Ewumi, S., Faulkner, A., Fisun, H., Haberman, H., Harcourt, B., Haring, S., Hughes, L., Joseph, S., Kumaran, N., Lee, A., Lennon, T., Link-Gelles, R., Lu, L. (., Marcinkevage, J., Mayer, L., Milucky, J., Miner, C., Nelson, J., Patel, M., Paulos, S., Pinell-McNamara, V., Quinn, C., Rajam, G., Redman, R., Retchless, A., Rosenthal, M., Semenova, V., Skoff, T., Smulian, E., Stanley, T., Stratton, E., Talley, P., Tiwari, T., Toews, K.-A., Westercamp, M., Cieslak, P., DeSilva, M., Alviani, N., Biel, F., Burkhalter, B., Francis, M., Howe, P., Jackson, E., Johnson, T., Luedtke, P., Manning, Z., Muno, E., Roberts, T., Roberts, Z., Eyster, M., & Hollands, C.
- Affiliations
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (US)
- Oregon Health Authority (US)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
- Corresponding author
- McNamara, Lucy A
- ORCID
- McNamara, Lucy A
- Thomas, Jennifer Dolan
- Martin, Stacey
- Poissant, Tasha
- Jenkins, Laurel T
- Wang, Xin
- Acosta, Anna
- Angelo, Kristina
- Blain, Amy
- Church, Elizabeth Chandler
- Harcourt, Brian
- Joseph, Sandeep
- Nelson, Jennifer
- Patel, Manisha
- Pinell-McNamara, Veronica
- Quinn, Conrad
- Rajam, Gowrisankar
- Retchless, Adam
- Rosenthal, Mariana
- Semenova, Vera
- Toews, Karrie-Ann
- Cieslak, Paul
- DeSilva, Malini
- Biel, Frances
- Luedtke, Patrick
- Venue
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2017-08-26
- Volume
- 216
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1130-1140
- ISSN
- 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6613
- PMC
- PMC5724767
- OpenAlex
- W2788205471
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 16
- FWCI
- 9.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Microbial infections and disease research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Keywords
- meningococcal serogroup B, Neisseria meningitidis, meningococcal carriage, vaccination campaigns, herd protection, carriage prevalence, vaccine impact, whole genome sequencing, outbreak response
- MeSH terms
- Antigens, Bacterial, Disease Outbreaks, Female, Humans, Male, Meningococcal Infections, Oregon, Universities, Vaccination, Immunization Programs, Meningococcal Vaccines
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
