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Cleavage of Amyloid-β Precursor Protein (APP) by Membrane-Type Matrix Metalloproteinases
Abstract
Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) was identified on expression cloning from a human placenta cDNA library as a gene product that modulates the activity of membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MT1-MMP). Co-expression of MT1-MMP with APP in HEK293T cells induced cleavage and shedding of the APP ectodomain when co-expressed with APP adaptor protein Fe65. Among the MT-MMPs tested, MT3-MMP and MT5-MMP also caused efficient APP shedding. The recombinant APP protein was cleaved by MT3-MMP in vitro at the A463-M464, N579-M580, H622-S623, and H685-Q686 peptide bonds, which included a cleavage site within the amyloid beta peptide region known to produce a C-terminal fragment. The Swedish-type mutant of APP, which produces a high level of amyloid beta peptide, was more effectively cleaved by MT3-MMP than wild-type APP in both the presence and absence of Fe65; however, amyloid beta peptide production was not affected by MT3-MMP expression. Expression of MT3-MMP enhanced Fe65-dependent transactivation by APP fused to the Gal4 DNA-binding and transactivation domains. These results suggest that MT1-MMP, MT3-MMP and MT5-MMP should play an important role in the regulation of APP functions in tissues including the central nervous system.
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Analysis of the APP degradation profile by western blot suggested that MT1-MMP and MT5-MMP cleave APP at the same location as MT3-MMP.
“Although the APP cleavage sites for MT1-MMP and MT5-MMP were not specifically identified in the Ahmad study, the analysis of the APP degradation profile by western blot suggested that both MT-MMPs should cleave APP at the same location as MT3-MMP (Ahmad et al., 2006).”
From Emerging Alternative Proteinases in APP Metabolism and Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis: A Focus on MT1-MMP and MT5-MMP (2019) · cites this paper as Ahmad et al., 2006
MT1-, MT3- and MT5-MMP, but not MT2-, MT4- and MT6-MMP, are able to cleave APP770 when co-expressed in HEK293 cells.
“Three years later, Ahmad and collaborators showed that MT1-, MT3-, and MT5-MMP, but not MT2-, MT4- and MT6-MMP were able to cleave APP770 when co-expressed in HEK293 cells (Ahmad et al., 2006).”
From Emerging Alternative Proteinases in APP Metabolism and Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis: A Focus on MT1-MMP and MT5-MMP (2019) · cites this paper as Ahmad et al., 2006
MT5-MMP cleaves APP, yielding a fragmentation profile similar to that of MT1- and MT3-MMP.
“it was later suggested to cleave APP, yielding a fragmentation profile similar to that of MT1- and MT3-MMP (Ahmad et al., 2006).”
From Emerging Alternative Proteinases in APP Metabolism and Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis: A Focus on MT1-MMP and MT5-MMP (2019) · cites this paper as Ahmad et al., 2006
Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a relevant substrate of MT5-MMP.
“Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is another relevant substrate of MT5-MMP [11–13], which holds a central position in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis.”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ahmad, M., Takino, T., Miyamori, H., Yoshizaki, T., Furukawa, M., & Sato, H.
- Venue
- The Journal of Biochemistry
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-03-01
- Volume
- 139
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 517-526
- ISSN
- 1756-2651
- 0021-924X
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 1
- Language
- en
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