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Cited by 333Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Managementmelanin and skin pigmentationSkin Protection and Aging

A prospective study of pigmentation, sun exposure, and risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma in women

Veierod, M. B., Weiderpass, E., Thorn, M., Hansson, J., Lund, E., Armstrong, B., Adami, H.-O.·2003·JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute
DOI 10.1093/jnci/djg075
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although sun exposure is an established cause of cutaneous malignant melanoma, possible interactions with host factors remain incompletely understood. Here we report the first results from a large prospective cohort study of pigmentation factors and sun exposure in relation to melanoma risk. METHODS: The Women's Lifestyle and Health Cohort Study included 106 379 women from Norway and Sweden who were aged 30-50 years in 1991 or 1992 when they completed an extensive questionnaire on personal characteristics and exposures. Linkages to national registries ensured complete follow-up through December 31, 1999. Poisson regression models were used to estimate relative risks (RRs). All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: During an average follow-up of 8.1 years, 187 cases of melanoma were diagnosed. Risk of melanoma was statistically significantly associated with increasing body surface area (RR for > or =1.79 m2 versus < or =1.61 m2 = 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03 to 2.48; P(trend) =.02), number of large asymmetric nevi on the legs (RR for > or =7 nevi versus 0 nevi = 5.29, 95% CI = 2.33 to 12.01; P(trend)<.001), hair color (RR for red versus dark brown or black = 4.05, 95% CI = 2.11 to 7.76; P(trend)<.001), sunburns per year at ages 10-19, 20-29, and 30-39 years (P(trend)<.001, P(trend) =.03, and P(trend) =.05, respectively), and use of a device that emits artificial light (solarium) one or more times per month (P =.04). CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm previous findings that hair color, number of nevi on the legs, and history of sunburn are risk factors for melanoma and suggest that use of a solarium is also associated with melanoma risk. Adolescence and early adulthood appear to be among the most sensitive age periods for the effects of sunburn and solarium use on melanoma risk. However, it may be too early to see the full effect of adult exposures in this cohort.

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  • The incidence of cutaneous melanoma is much higher in individuals with a light complexion who burn rather than tan upon sun exposure than in individuals with a dark skin color who tan readily.

    “It is well–known that the incidence of cutaneous melanoma is much higher in individuals with a light complexion, who burn rather than tan upon sun exposure, than in individuals with a dark skin color, who tan readily [ 2 , 3 ].”

    From Differential Induction of Reactive Oxygen Species and Expression of Antioxidant Enzymes in Human Melanocytes Correlate with Melanin Content: Implications on the Response to Solar UV and Melanoma Susceptibility (2022) · cites this paper as [3]

    The Introduction says skin color and reactions to sun exposure have been associated with melanoma risk, and the Results report higher risk among women with blond or red hair than among those with dark hair. But the Results found no statistically significant association between tanning response and melanoma risk. This cohort of Norwegian and Swedish women does not establish the claimed comparison with dark-skinned individuals who tan readily. Our copy does not specify passage page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Magnus K. Incidence of malignant melanoma of the skin in Norway, 1955-1970. Variations in time and space and solar radiation. Cancer 1973; 32:1275-86.
  2. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks in humans. Vol. 55. Solar and ultraviolet radiation. Lyon (France): IARC; 1992.
  3. Elwood JM, Jopson J. Melanoma and sun exposure: an overview of pub- lished studies. Int J Cancer 1997;73:198-203.
  4. Westerdahl J, Ingvar C, Måsbäck A, Jonsson N, Olsson H. Risk of cuta- neous malignant melanoma in relation to use of sunbeds: further evidence for UV-A carcinogenicity. Br J Cancer 2000;82:1593-9.

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Authors
Veierod, M. B., Weiderpass, E., Thorn, M., Hansson, J., Lund, E., Armstrong, B., & Adami, H.-O.
Affiliations
  • University of Oslo (NO)
  • The University of Sydney (AU)
  • Harvard University (US)
ORCID
Venue
JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2003-10-14
Volume
95
Issue
20
Pages
1530-1538
ISSN
  • 0027-8874 (ISSN-L)
  • 1460-2105
DOI
10.1093/jnci/djg075
OpenAlex
W2103984905
Cited by
333
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 16
FWCI
11.22
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • The Sydney eScholarship Repository (The University of Sydney) (submittedVersion)
Funders
National Cancer Institute (R01CA052449, CA-52449)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
Keywords
cutaneous melanoma, melanoma risk factors, sun exposure, sunburn, solarium use, artificial tanning, skin pigmentation, hair color, body surface area, women
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Eye Color, Female, Hair Color, Humans, Melanoma, Middle Aged, Norway, Pigmentation, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Skin Neoplasms, Skin Pigmentation, Sunlight, Sweden, Confidence Intervals, Odds Ratio, Women's Health, Risk Assessment

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