Cited by 10Immune Response and InflammationImmune cells in cancerDiabetes Treatment and Management

Wei-Tong-Xin exerts anti-inflammatory effects through TLR4-mediated macrophages M1/M2 polarization and affects GLP-1 secretion

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Zhang, Xiaoying, Yang, Xihan, Zhang, Shuanglin, Wang, Jinyu, Wang, Mengshi, Ma, Tiancheng, Wan, Meiqi, Lv, Xinyan +2 more·2023·Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Abstract

Objectives: The present study was undertaken to explore the effects and mechanisms of Wei-Tong-Xin (WTX) in inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response of macrophages, in turn, to study the influences on GLP-1 secretion of GLUTag cells. Methods: We first evaluated the activation of Raw 264.7 cells and measured the intracellular ROS, CD86 and CD206 levels by flow cytometry. The expressions of proteins were detected by western blot and immunofluorescence. GLP-1 levels were detected by ELISA kits. TLR4 siRNA was used to investigate the role of TLR4 in the regulation of macrophage polarization by WTX. Key findings: The results showed that WTX inhibited LPS-induced polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype, but promoted the M2 phenotype. Meanwhile, WTX inhibited the TLR4/MyD88 pathway. The polarization of M1 phenotype promoted GLP-1 secretion by GLUTag cells, which was inhibited by WTX. The results of siRNA showed that WTX exhibited anti-inflammatory effects through targeting TLR4. Conclusions: Overall, WTX inhibited polarization of macrophages towards M1 phenotype but promoted the amounts of M2 phenotype, further the macrophages regulated by WTX alleviated GLP-1 content secreted by GLUTag cells. The aforementioned results were produced by WTX-mediated TLR4.

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  • Macrophages have two polarization states: M1 typically pro-inflammatory, M2 anti-inflammatory.

    “Macrophages have two polarization states, M1 typically has pro-inflammatory properties, while M2 has anti-inflammatory properties.323–325”

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  1. Park HJ, Gholam Zadeh M, Suh JH et al. Dauricine protects from LPS-induced bone loss via the ROS/PP2A/NF-κB axis in osteoclasts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9. doi: 10.3390/antiox9070588 · DOI

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Authors
Zhang, X., Yang, X., Zhang, S., Wang, J., Wang, M., Ma, T., Wan, M., Lv, X., Yan, T., & Jia, Y.
Affiliations
Shenyang Pharmaceutical University (CN)
Corresponding author
  • Yan, Tingxu
  • Jia, Ying
Venue
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Published
2023-03-07
Volume
75
Issue
4
Pages
574-584
ISSN
  • 0022-3573 (ISSN-L)
  • 2042-7158
OpenAlex
W4323347206
Cited by
10
References
37
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2
FWCI
1.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (82173961, 82160825, XLYC2008029)
  • Liaoning Provincial Department of Education Fund (LJKZ0911, LJKZ0950 and 2020LJC15)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Keywords
traditional Chinese medicine, anti-inflammatory activity, TLR4, macrophage polarization, M1/M2 macrophages, lipopolysaccharide, MyD88 signaling, GLP-1 secretion, GLUTag cells, reactive oxygen species, CD86, CD206
MeSH terms
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Lipopolysaccharides, Macrophages, Transcription Factors, RNA, Small Interfering, Toll-Like Receptor 4

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