Cited by 398Gut microbiota and healthProbiotics and Fermented FoodsGastrointestinal motility and disorders

Intestinal flora and disease mutually shape the regional immune system in the intestinal tract

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Zhou, Bolun, Yuan, Yutong, Zhang, Shanshan, Guo, Can, Li, Xiaoling, Li, Guiyuan, Xiong, Wei, Zeng, Zhaoyang·2020·Frontiers in Immunology

Abstract

. To protect the body from potential pathogens, the intestinal tract has evolved regional immune characteristics. These characteristics are defined by its unique structure, function, and microenvironment, which differ drastically from those of the common central and peripheral immune organs. The intestinal microenvironment created by the intestinal flora and its products significantly affects the immune function of the region. In turn, specific diseases regulate and influence the composition of the intestinal flora. A constant interplay occurs between the intestinal flora and immune system. Further, the intestinal microenvironment can be reconstructed by probiotic use or microbiota transplantation, functioning to recalibrate the immune homeostasis, while also contributing to the treatment or amelioration of diseases. In this review, we summarize the relationship between the intestinal flora and the occurrence and development of diseases as an in-turn effect on intestinal immunity. We also discuss improved immune function as it relates to non-specific and specific immunity. Further, we discuss the proliferation, differentiation and secretion of immune cells, within the intestinal region following remodeling of the microenvironment as a means to ameliorate and treat diseases. Finally, we suggest strategies for improved utilization of intestinal flora.

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Crossref · 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00575

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  • The gut microbiota plays a role in human metabolism, gut homeostasis, maintenance of the integrity of the gut barrier, immune development, immunomodulation, prevention of pathogens, and brain processes and behavior.

    “The gut microbiota plays a role in human metabolism (including food and drug metabolism); gut homeostasis; maintenance of the integrity of the gut barrier; immune development, immunomodulation, and prevention of pathogens; and brain processes and behavior (15, 16).”
  • The composition and products of the intestinal flora have a strong influence on immune response, and the central nervous system is also influenced by the immune system.

    “Studies have shown that the composition and products of the intestinal flora have a strong influence on immune response (16), and that the central nervous system is also influenced by the immune system (100).”

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Authors
Zhou, B., Yuan, Y., Zhang, S., Guo, C., Li, X., Li, G., Xiong, W., & Zeng, Z.
Affiliations
Central South University (CN)
Corresponding author
Zeng, Zhaoyang
Venue
Frontiers in Immunology
Published
2020-04-03
Volume
11
Pages
575-575
ISSN
1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3014654467
Cited by
396
References
122
Citations by year
2026: 41 · 2025: 103 · 2024: 114 · 2023: 70 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1
FWCI
3.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Frontiers in Immunology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81672993, 81702907, 81772928, 81803025)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Keywords
gut microbiota, intestinal immunity, regional immunity, intestinal microenvironment, immune homeostasis, probiotics, microbiota transplantation, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, immune cell differentiation, immune cell proliferation
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Immunity, Mucosal

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