Cited by 86Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationAdvanced Radiotherapy TechniquesRadiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging

Revolutionizing radiation therapy: the role of AI in clinical practice

Open access
Kawamura, Mariko, Kamomae, Takeshi, Yanagawa, Masahiro, Kamagata, Koji, Fujita, Shohei, Ueda, Daiju, Matsui, Yusuke, Fushimi, Yasutaka +10 more·2024·Journal of Radiation Research

Abstract

This review provides an overview of the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiation therapy (RT) from a radiation oncologist's perspective. Over the years, advances in diagnostic imaging have significantly improved the efficiency and effectiveness of radiotherapy. The introduction of AI has further optimized the segmentation of tumors and organs at risk, thereby saving considerable time for radiation oncologists. AI has also been utilized in treatment planning and optimization, reducing the planning time from several days to minutes or even seconds. Knowledge-based treatment planning and deep learning techniques have been employed to produce treatment plans comparable to those generated by humans. Additionally, AI has potential applications in quality control and assurance of treatment plans, optimization of image-guided RT and monitoring of mobile tumors during treatment. Prognostic evaluation and prediction using AI have been increasingly explored, with radiomics being a prominent area of research. The future of AI in radiation oncology offers the potential to establish treatment standardization by minimizing inter-observer differences in segmentation and improving dose adequacy evaluation. RT standardization through AI may have global implications, providing world-standard treatment even in resource-limited settings. However, there are challenges in accumulating big data, including patient background information and correlating treatment plans with disease outcomes. Although challenges remain, ongoing research and the integration of AI technology hold promise for further advancements in radiation oncology.

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  • AI applications are advancing in image-guided radiotherapy, adaptive radiotherapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, and surgery.

    “AI applications are also now advancing in the fields of image-guided radiotherapy, adaptive radiotherapy, stereotactic radiosurgery (119), and surgery in general, where autocontouring is similarly helpful (120).”

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  1. [99]Brown TB, Mann B, Ryder N et al. Language models are few-shot learners. Adv Neural Inf Proces Syst 2020; 33: 1877– 901.

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Authors
Kawamura, M., Kamomae, T., Yanagawa, M., Kamagata, K., Fujita, S., Ueda, D., Matsui, Y., Fushimi, Y., Fujioka, T., Nozaki, T., Yamada, A., Hirata, K., Ito, R., Fujima, N., Tatsugami, F., Nakaura, T., Tsuboyama, T., & Naganawa, S.
Affiliations
  • Nagoya University (JP)
  • The University of Osaka (JP)
  • Juntendo University (JP)
  • The University of Tokyo (JP)
  • Osaka Metropolitan University (JP)
  • Okayama University (JP)
  • Kyoto University (JP)
  • Tokyo Medical and Dental University (JP)
  • Keio University (JP)
  • Shinshu University (JP)
  • Hokkaido University (JP)
  • Hokkaido University Hospital (JP)
  • Hiroshima University (JP)
  • Kumamoto University (JP)
Corresponding author
Kawamura, Mariko
Venue
Journal of Radiation Research
Published
2023-11-22
Volume
65
Issue
1
Pages
1-9
ISSN
  • 0449-3060 (ISSN-L)
  • 1349-9157
OpenAlex
W4388982438
Cited by
86
References
106
Citations by year
2026: 23 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 21
FWCI
1.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Radiation Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (20K08076)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Radiation › Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
Keywords
artificial intelligence, radiotherapy, radiotherapy treatment planning, tumor segmentation, organ-at-risk segmentation, knowledge-based treatment planning, deep learning, image-guided radiotherapy, radiomics, treatment quality assurance, treatment standardization, resource-limited settings, outcome prediction
MeSH terms
Artificial Intelligence, Humans, Neoplasms, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted, Radiation Oncology, Radiotherapy, Image-Guided

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