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Cited by 13Electromagnetic Fields and Biological EffectsCarcinogens and Genotoxicity AssessmentEffects of Radiation Exposure

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Long-term exposure to a 40-GHz electromagnetic field does not affect genotoxicity or heat shock protein expression in HCE-T or SRA01/04 cells

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Koyama, Shin, Narita, Eijiro, Suzuki, Yukihisa, Shiina, Takeo, Taki, Masao, Shinohara, Naoki, Miyakoshi, Junji·2019·Journal of Radiation Research
DOI 10.1093/jrr/rrz017PMC PMC6640906
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Abstract

Millimeter waves are used in various fields, and the risks of this wavelength range for human health must be carefully evaluated. In this study, we investigated the effects of millimeter waves on genotoxicity and heat shock protein expression in human corneal epithelial (HCE-T) and human lens epithelial (SRA01/04) cells. We exposed the cells to 40-GHz millimeter waves at 1 mW/cm2 for 24 h. We observed no statistically significant increase in the micronucleus (MN) frequency or the level of DNA strand breaks in cells exposed to 40-GHz millimeter waves relative to sham-exposed and incubator controls. Heat shock protein (Hsp) expression also exhibited no statistically significant response to the 40-GHz exposure. These results indicate that exposure to 40 GHz millimeter waves under these conditions has little or no effect on MN formation, DNA strand breaks, or Hsp expression in HCE-T or SRA01/04 cells.

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Fig. 1. The incubator for exposure equipped with applicators for exposure (right) and sham-exposure (left) (A). Illustration of the structure (B) and the photograph (C) of the applicator.
Fig. 1. The incubator for exposure equipped with applicators for exposure (right) and sham-exposure (left) (A). Illustration of the structure (B) and the photograph (C) of the applicator.CC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 2. Micronucleus frequency in cells exposed to 40-GHz millimeter-wave radiation for 24 h: HCE-T cells (A) and SRA01/04 cells (B). The positive control was treatment with bleomycin (10 μg/ml). Data are presented as means ± SD from six independent experiments. **P < 0.01.
Fig. 2. Micronucleus frequency in cells exposed to 40-GHz millimeter-wave radiation for 24 h: HCE-T cells (A) and SRA01/04 cells (B). The positive control was treatment with bleomycin (10 μg/ml). Data are presented as means ± SD from six independent experiments. **P < 0.01.CC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 3. Representative micrographic photographs of control (A), sham (B), 40 GHz-exposed (C) and bleomycin-treated cells (D). Values of a comet parameter (tail moment) for cells exposed to 40-GHz millimeter-wave radiation for 24 h: HCE-T (E) and SRA01/04 (F). The positive control was treatment with bleomycin (10 μg/ml). Data are presented as means ± SD from six independent experiments. One asterisk and two asterisks indicate P < 0.05 and < 0.01, respectively.
Fig. 3. Representative micrographic photographs of control (A), sham (B), 40 GHz-exposed (C) and bleomycin-treated cells (D). Values of a comet parameter (tail moment) for cells exposed to 40-GHz millimeter-wave radiation for 24 h: HCE-T (E) and SRA01/04 (F). The positive control was treatment with bleomycin (10 μg/ml). Data are presented as means ± SD from six independent experiments. One asterisk and two asterisks indicate P < 0.05 and < 0.01, respectively.CC BY · PubMed Central
Fig. 4. (A) Expression of Hsp27 (1), Hsp70 (2), and Hsp90α (3) in HCE-T cells exposed to 40-GHz radiation for 24 h. Positive controls underwent heat treatment, as shown in the graphs. Data are presented as means ± SD from three independent experiments. **P < 0.01. (B) Expression of Hsp27 (1), Hsp70 (2) and Hsp90α (3) in SRA01/04 cells exposed to 40-GHz radiation for 24 h. Positive controls underwent heat treatment, as shown in the graphs. Data are presented as means ± SD from three independent experiments. **P < 0.01.
Fig. 4. (A) Expression of Hsp27 (1), Hsp70 (2), and Hsp90α (3) in HCE-T cells exposed to 40-GHz radiation for 24 h. Positive controls underwent heat treatment, as shown in the graphs. Data are presented as means ± SD from three independent experiments. **P < 0.01. (B) Expression of Hsp27 (1), Hsp70 (2) and Hsp90α (3) in SRA01/04 cells exposed to 40-GHz radiation for 24 h. Positive controls underwent heat treatment, as shown in the graphs. Data are presented as means ± SD from three independent experiments. **P < 0.01.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Research works printed but not linked: 32

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Metadata

Authors
Koyama, S., Narita, E., Suzuki, Y., Shiina, T., Taki, M., Shinohara, N., & Miyakoshi, J.
Affiliations
  • Kyoto University (JP)
  • Tokyo Metropolitan University (JP)
Corresponding author
Miyakoshi, Junji
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Radiation Research
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2019-06-14
Volume
60
Issue
4
Pages
417-423
ISSN
  • 0449-3060 (ISSN-L)
  • 1349-9157
DOI
10.1093/jrr/rrz017
PMC
PMC6640906
OpenAlex
W2951389379
Cited by
13
References
0
Citations by year
2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2
FWCI
0.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Radiation Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Kyoto University Research Information Repository (Kyoto University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Electromagnetic Fields and Biological Effects
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
Keywords
millimeter wave, genotoxicity, heat shock proteins, human corneal epithelial cells, lens epithelial cells, micronucleus formation, DNA strand breaks, long-term exposure
MeSH terms
Cell Line, Cornea, DNA Damage, Electromagnetic Fields, Epithelial Cells, Gene Expression Regulation, Heat-Shock Proteins, Humans, Micronucleus Tests, Comet Assay

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