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Oxford Guide to CBT for People with Cancer
Abstract
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a brief, focused and flexible approach that has much to offer in helping people cope with cancer. This online guide demonstrates how interventions that CBT therapists use in emotional disorders can be adapted for use in the challenging clinical environment of oncology and palliative care. Using a CBT model to understand reactions to cancer, the authors present cognitive, behavioural, emotional, and interpersonal techniques to help people adjust to the threats cancer presents to their survival and identity. Case examples illustrate how these methods are used to reduce anxiety and depression, enable a fighting spirit, teach effective coping skills, and develop open communication between patients and their partners. This title also covers the clinical and research findings in the fields of psycho-oncology and cognitive behaviour therapy, with guidance on using CBT for common symptoms such as insomnia, fatigue and nausea.
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“By applying different cognitive and behavioral techniques to challenge dysfunctional cognitions associated with anxiety and depression, CBT can help reduce cancer patients’ anxiety and depression while helping them better adjust to the illness (26).”
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Cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety and depression in cancer survivors: a meta-analysis
Zhang, L., Liu, X., Tong, F., Zou, R., Peng, W., Yang, H., Liu, F., Yang, D., Huang, X., Yi, L., et al. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-25068-7 · Cited by 76
Baker, P., Beesley, H., Fletcher, I. J., Ablett, J., Holcombe, C., & Salmon, P. (2014) · European Journal of Cancer Care · doi:10.1111/ecc.12274 · Cited by 71
Ham, K., Chin, S., Suh, Y. J., Rhee, M., Yu, E.-S., Lee, H. J., Kim, J.-H., Kim, S. W., Koh, S.-J., & Chung, K.-M. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01592 · Cited by 61
“The most frequently adopted psychosocial interventions for depression and anxiety in cancer patients involve cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (Moorey and Greer, 2011), which is an evidence-based treatment for depression and anxiety disorders (Compton et al., 2004; Butler et al., 2006; Hofmann et…”
BackgroundClark, J. K., & Fasciano, K. M. (2013) · American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® · doi:10.1177/1049909113510394 · Cited by 59
“As noted earlier, ongoing development and the binary nature of the health care system are the 2 primary issues found in caring for the YA.”
BackgroundInfluentialAkkol‐Solakoglu, S., & Hevey, D. (2023) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.6097 · Cited by 55
Kyota, A., & Kanda, K. (2019) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-019-0417-6 · Cited by 52
“Close attention has recently been paid to cognitive behavioral therapy [42] and Mean-Centered Psychotherapy-Palliative Care [43] to help patients deal with spiritual suffering (e.”
BackgroundCheng, C.-T., Ho, S. M. Y., Liu, W.-K., Hou, Y.-C., Lim, L.-C., Gao, S.-Y., Chang, W.-Y., & Wang, G.-L. (2019) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-018-4382-z · Cited by 49
Wang, G., Cheng, C., Feng, A., Hsu, S., Hou, Y., & Chiu, C. (2016) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951516000717 · Cited by 34
“…documented that the rates of psycho-social distress in cancer patients at different stages of their treatment are high and that psychosocial interventions can be effective (NCCN, 2003; Kissane et al., 2007; Institute of Medicine, 2008; Watson & Kissane 2011; Moorey & Greer, 2012; Moorey, 2013).”
Goldzweig, G., Hasson‐Ohayon, I., Alon, S., & Shalit, E. (2016) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2016.1140902 · Cited by 30
“Clinical implications emphasis the importance of cognitive interventions aim at challenging perceived threat and control as a mean of reducing depression (Moorey & Greer, 2002).”
BackgroundTechnology-assisted cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention for end-stage renal disease
Jakubowski, K., Jhamb, M., Yabes, J. G., Gujral, S., Oberlin, L. E., Bender, F. H., & Steel, J. L. (2019) · Translational Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/tbm/ibz077 · Cited by 29
Hudson, J. L., & Moss-Morris, R. (2019) · European Psychologist · doi:10.1027/1016-9040/a000352 · Cited by 27
“Emotional expression provides a person with the 417 opportunity to process emotional needs and can better inform therapeutic targets for 418 action moving forward (Moorey & Greer, 2012).”
BackgroundInfluentialKinjo, T., Kanda, K., & Fujimoto, K. (2021) · European Journal of Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ejon.2021.101956 · Cited by 21
Coping profiles predict long-term anxiety trajectory in breast cancer survivors
Cheng, C., Ho, S. M. Y., Lai, Y., Zhang, Q., & Wang, G. (2021) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-020-05936-6 · Cited by 24
“This view may reflect a pessimistic cognitive schema that can be modified using cognitive restructuring [40].”
BackgroundMethodKoukamari, P. H., Karimy, M., Ghaffari, M., & Milajerdi, A. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1435110 · Cited by 21
Karageorge, A., Murphy, M. J., Newby, J. M., Kirsten, L., Andrews, G., Allison, K., Loughnan, S., Price, M., Shaw, J., Shepherd, H., et al. (2017) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-017-3617-8 · Cited by 17
“This finding is in keeping with differences outlined in the lead text BCBT for People with Cancer^ [24].”
Result‘I know they are distressed. What do I do now?’
Moorey, S. (2013) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.3297 · Cited by 15
“Individual CBT has tended to be more individually tailored to the patient’s problems (e.g. Greer et al. [21]).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationStanciu, M. A., Morris, C., Makin, M., Watson, E. K., Bulger, J. K., Evans, R., Hiscock, J., Hoare, Z., Edwards, R. T., Neal, R. D., et al. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008470 · Cited by 14
“Physical and psychological needs will not be treated separately, but in relation to each other.(50) Thus, physical management techniques (eg, pelvic floor exercises, double-void technique) will be taught in the context of established cognitive-behaviour therapy techniques such”
BackgroundMorgan, C., & Cooper, M. (2015) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/capr.12028 · Cited by 11
Ho, S. M. Y., Cheng, C., Shih, S., Taku, K., & Tedeschi, R. G. (2021) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-021-06223-8 · Cited by 11
“This finding is consistent with the cognitive model that negative (and distorted) appraisals are always related to higher distress among cancer patients [34].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialThe Lived Experience of Persons with Terminal Cancer: A Qualitative Study
Kyota, A., & Kanda, K. (2021) · Nursing Science Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0894318420987189 · Cited by 10
“This phenomenon is related to the concept of “positive illusion,” in which people try to regain strength and their positive attitudes about themselves and the amount of control they have over adverse situations (Moorey & Greer, 2012).”
BackgroundHeinen, J., Bäuerle, A., Schug, C., Krakowczyk, J. B., Strunk, S. E., Wieser, A., Beckord, J., Jansen, C., Dries, S., Pantförder, M., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1037158 · Cited by 7
“By applying different cognitive and behavioral techniques to challenge dysfunctional cognitions associated with anxiety and depression, CBT can help reduce cancer patients’ anxiety and depression while helping them better adjust to the illness (26).”
MethodAkkol-Solakoglu, S., Hevey, D., & Richards, D. (2021) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2021.100367 · Cited by 8
“…revealed that active coping strategies were associated with better adjustment and quality of life, whereas avoidant coping strategies were associated with poorer psychological well-being and decreased quality of life (Holland and Holahan, 2003; Kershaw et al., 2004; Moorey and Greer, 2012).”
BackgroundHow patients adjust psychologically to the experience of head and neck cancer: A grounded theory
Calver, L., Tickle, A., Biswas, S., & Moghaddam, N. G. (2019) · European Journal of Cancer Care · doi:10.1111/ecc.13068 · Cited by 8
Poshtan, M. M., Aflakseir, A., Witthöft, M., Cherry, M. G., Rahimi Taghanaki, C., & Ramzi, M. (2025) · European Journal of Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ejon.2025.102793 · Cited by 7
Carreiro, J. P., Cardoso, S., Teques, P., Teques, A. P., & Ribeiro, J. L. P. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13030297 · Cited by 6
Mokrivala, M., Farahbakhsh, K., Bajestani, H. S., & Burujeni, J. Y. (2022) · Journal of Client-centered Nursing Care · doi:10.32598/jccnc.8.3.408.2 · Cited by 5
García‐Alandete, J., & Jiménez, M. J. H. (2018) · Persona y Bioética · doi:10.5294/pebi.2018.22.2.9 · Cited by 5
Descripción de la terapia cognitivo-conductual para la ansiedad en pacientes con cáncer terminal
Landa-Ramírez, É., Greer, J. A., Vite-Sierra, A., Sánchez-Román, S., & Riveros-Rosas, A. (2014) · Psicooncología · doi:10.5209/rev_psic.2014.v11.n1.44924 · Cited by 4
Understanding the Psychology of Grief
Savaş, E. (2024) · Türkiye Bütüncül Psikoterapi Dergisi · doi:10.56955/bpd.1393758 · Cited by 4
Akkol‐Solakoglu, S., & Hevey, D. (2024) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/13591053241272243 · Cited by 3
“It was specifically adapted for breast cancer survivors based on the literature (Moorey and Greer, 2012) and findings from interviews conducted with breast cancer survivors and carers before the adaptation of the programme.”
McIntyre, R., & Ferretti, M. (2026) · Journal of Psychosocial Oncology · doi:10.1080/07347332.2025.2531106 · Cited by 2
“Research supports that both individual and group CBT is effective for treating depression and anxiety in cancer patients, 19 however, without sacrificing what we know is helpful, the evolution of treatment for people with cancer must include newer developments.”
Remote or in-person cancer support? Therapist and service user preferences
Johnson, C., Gallagher, A., Rhodes, E., & Smith, S. (2023) · British Journal of Healthcare Management · doi:10.12968/bjhc.2022.0044 · Cited by 2
Heidarian, A. R., Mohsenzadeh, F., Asadpour, I., & Zahrakar, K. (2019) · Journal of Health and Care · doi:10.29252/jhc.21.1.66 · Cited by 2
Tailoring cognitive-behavioral therapy of pain in cancer patient
Machowska, R., & Marciniak, B. (2016) · Psychoonkologia · doi:10.5114/pson.2016.64966 · Cited by 2
Barani, M., Bakhtiari, M., Firoozabadi, V. S., Mehdizadeh, M., & Sadeghi, A. (2019) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-017-9716-3 · Cited by 2
“techniques; while others exhibit no behavioral issues and thus cognitive interventions are the main treatment method to be employed (Moorey and Greer 2011).”
BackgroundMethodWieland, S., Melton, S., Bastounis, A., & Carter, T. (2024) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465824000092 · Cited by 1
“This seems to be broadly based on the adjuvant psychological therapy (APT) (Greer et al ., 1992; Moorey and Greer, 2012), a CBT-based treatment protocol for cancer patients.”
Thyroid Cancer Survivorship: Contemporary Themes
Kendell, K., & Armstrong, N. J. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-38605-3_23 · Cited by 1
de Vlaming, I. H., Schellekens, M. P. J., & van der Lee, M. L. (2023) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-023-07764-w · Cited by 1
Mazloom, M., Mohammadkhani, S., Akbari, M., Hasani, J., & Esfandbod, M. (2023) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1007/s41811-023-00180-2 · Cited by 1
“…weekly 90-min sessions which include the following components: psychoeducation, identifying thoughts and maladaptive beliefs, cognitive restructuring, self-regulation and IP, behavioral activation, problem-solving, and relaxation training (Cully & Teten, 2008; Moorey & Greer, 2011; Temple, 2017).”
Gelse, N., Bodschwinna, D., Jarczok, M. N., Wanner, M., Volz, M., Mayer‐Steinacker, R., Huober, J., Gündel, H., & Hönig, K. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1253423 · Cited by 1
“…are not yet widespread, cognitive-behavioral therapeutic interventions can now be regarded as a kind of gold standard in supportive psycho-oncological treatment for emotional relief and stabilization as well as for better coping with cancer (Moorey and Greer, 2011; de Vries and Stiefel, 2014).”
Liver Cancer: A Psychological CBT Group Intervention Possibility Based on Scientific Review
Soares, L., & Silva, M. (2024) · World Journal of Cancer and Oncology Research · doi:10.31586/wjcor.2024.833 · Cited by 1
“This approach not only alleviates physical symptoms but also contributes to the psychological well-being of patients [24, 25, 26, 27].”
BackgroundInfluentialCognitive-Behavioral Therapy in the Palliative Care Setting
Oltmann, C. (2022) · doi:10.1093/med/9780197537855.003.0070 · Cited by 1
Barani, M., Bakhtiari, M., Sadeghi‐Firoozabadi, V., Mehdizadeh, M., & Sadeghi, A. (2018) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-018-9784-z
Treatments and Interventions in Cancer
Kreitler, S. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-06126-5_8
Miniszewska, J. (2019) · Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego eBooks · doi:10.18778/8142-277-2
Kissane, D. (2021) · Comprehensive Men's Mental Health · doi:10.1017/9781108646765.022
Bartley, T. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1002/9781118961063.biblio
Henry Steven Greer, MD, FRCPsych, FRANZP
Crichton, P. (2022) · BJPsych Bulletin · doi:10.1192/bjb.2022.68
Guided Discovery with Adversity
Moorey, S. (2023) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780199586981.003.0008
Self-citationÜlbe, S., & Di̇ri̇k, G. (2025) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/13591053241307875
“…therapies (e.g. Breitbart et al., 2014), meaning-making therapy (e.g. Lee, 2008; Lee et al., 2006), acceptance and commitment therapy (e.g. Harris, 2009), cognitive behavioral therapies (e.g. Antoni, 2003; Beck, 2011; Moorey and Greer, 2014), and PTG intervention (e.g. Tedeschi and Moore, 2016).”
Kriz Sonrası Psikolojik Tepki Ölçeği’nin (KSPT-39) Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Dinler, H., AĞCA, M. A., & Asıcı, E. (2025) · Afet ve Risk Dergisi · doi:10.35341/afet.1462751
Psychometrische Eigenschaften des Kölner Fragebogens zur Sprachlosigkeit
Kusch, M., Dietz, T., Schiewer, V., & Labouvie, H. (2025) · Manuale zu Testverfahren und Fragebögen · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-71394-5_4
Ho, S. M. Y. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-89106-9_1
Aini, N., Janitra, F. E., Lin, C., Fauk, N. K., Efendi, F., & Arifin, H. (2026) · European Journal of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.ejso.2026.112165
Poshtan, M. M., Aflakseir, A., & Ramzi, M. (2026) · International Perspectives in Psychology · doi:10.1027/2157-3891/a000162
Metadata
- Authors
- Moorey, S., & Greer, S.
- ORCID
- Moorey, Stirling
- Venue
- Oxford University Press eBooks
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Published
- 2011-11
- OpenAlex
- W2485573175
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 1.33
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Oxford University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Keywords
- cognitive behavioral therapy, cancer, psycho-oncology, palliative care, anxiety, depression, coping strategies, insomnia, fatigue, nausea, psychological adjustment to cancer
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