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Cited by 162Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, PhenomenaAstrophysics and Star Formation StudiesGamma-ray bursts and supernovae

Clustered supernovae drive powerful galactic winds after superbubble breakout

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Fielding, Drummond, Quataert, Eliot, Martizzi, Davide·2018·Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
DOI 10.1093/mnras/sty2466
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Abstract

We use three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of vertically stratified patches of galactic discs to study how the spatio-temporal clustering of supernovae (SNe) enhances the power of galactic winds. Randomly distributed SNe drive inefficient galactic winds because most supernova remnants lose their energy radiatively before breaking out of the disc. Accounting for the fact that most star formation is clustered alleviates this problem. Superbubbles driven by the combined effects of clustered SNe propagate rapidly enough to break out of galactic discs well before the clusters’ SNe stop going off. The radiative losses post-breakout are reduced dramatically and a large fraction (≳0.2) of the energy released by SNe vents into the halo powering a strong galactic wind. These energetic winds are capable of providing strong preventative feedback and eject substantial mass from the galaxy with outflow rates of the order of the star formation rate. The momentum flux in the wind is only of order that injected by the SNe, because the hot gas vents before doing significant work on the surroundings. We show that our conclusions hold for a range of galaxy properties, both in the local Universe (e.g. M82) and at high redshift (e.g. |$z$| ∼ 2 star-forming galaxies). We further show that if the efficiency of forming star clusters increases with increasing gas surface density, as suggested by theoretical arguments, the condition for star cluster-driven superbubbles to break out of galactic discs corresponds to a threshold star formation rate surface density for the onset of galactic winds |${\sim } 0.03 \,{\rm M}_\odot \,{\rm yr}^{-1} \, {\rm kpc^{-2}}$|⁠, of order that observed.

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Authors
Fielding, D., Quataert, E., & Martizzi, D.
Affiliations
  • University of California, Berkeley (US)
  • Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Astrophysics Center, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
Corresponding author
Fielding, Drummond
ORCID
Venue
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2018-09-07
Volume
481
Issue
3
Pages
3325-3347
ISSN
  • 0035-8711 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2966
DOI
10.1093/mnras/sty2466
OpenAlex
W2884878244
Cited by
162
References
103
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 14
FWCI
8.21
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
Locations
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (publishedVersion)
  • Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation (AST-1715070)
  • Swiss National Science Foundation (P300P2_161062)
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
Keywords
galactic winds, star formation rate surface density, star cluster formation, radiative losses, galactic outflows, galactic feedback, Galactic disc, momentum flux, high-redshift star-forming galaxies, M82

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