A Kozai-resonating Earth quasi-satellite
Open accessAbstract
The recently discovered asteroid 2013 LX28 is in 1:1 resonance with Earth, but has large eccentricity and inclination. These lead to unusual dynamics in which the Kozai resonance plays a large role on long time-scales, while interaction with the terrestrial planets causes shorter term orbital changes. For the nominal orbit, an interaction with Venus changed the nature of the Kozai resonance and injected the asteroid into resonance with Earth. Despite frequent planetary encounters, the nominal orbit shows remarkable stability. Recovery prospects for this object are excellent, so that investigation of its remarkable properties should be able to proceed on a firmer observational base in future.
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Earth has three temporary natural retrograde satellites or quasi-satellites: (164207) 2004 GU9, (277810) 2006 FV35, and 2013 LX28.
“Our planet has one permanently bound satellite -the Moon-, a likely large number of minimoons or transient irregular natural satellites, and three temporary natural retrograde satellites or quasi-satellites. These quasi-moons -(164207) 2004 GU 9 , (277810) 2006 FV 35 and 2013 LX 28 - are unbound companions to the Earth.”
From Asteroid 2014 OL339: yet another Earth quasi-satellite (2014) · cites this paper as Connors 2014
2013 LX28 was proposed as a Kozai-resonating Earth quasi-satellite by Connors (2014), who pointed out its remarkable stability.
“The object was proposed as a Kozai-resonating Earth quasi-satellite by Connors (2014), who pointed out its remarkable stability.”
From Asteroid 2014 OL339: yet another Earth quasi-satellite (2014) · cites this paper as Connors (2014)
Although Connors (2014) classifies 2013 LX28 as quasi-satellite, this is incorrect in strict sense because its orbit is hybrid.
“Although Connors (2014) classifies 2013 LX 28 as quasi-satellite, this is incorrect in strict sense because its orbit is hybrid.”
From Asteroid 2014 OL339: yet another Earth quasi-satellite (2014) · cites this paper as Connors (2014)
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Cites
Secular perturbations of asteroids with high inclination and eccentricity
Kozai, Y. (1962) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1086/108790 · Cited by 2,588 · see citing works
Connors, M. G., Wiegert, P., & Veillet, C. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10233 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Self-citationSecular Interactions of Coorbiting Objects
Namouni, F. (1999) · Icarus · doi:10.1006/icar.1998.6032 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
An asteroidal companion to the Earth
Wiegert, P., Innanen, K. A., & Mikkola, S. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/42662 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Coorbital Dynamics at Large Eccentricity and Inclination
Namouni, F., Christou, A. A., & Murray, C. D. (1999) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.83.2506 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Discovery of an asteroid and quasi‐satellite in an Earth‐like horseshoe orbit
Connors, M. G., Chodas, P. W., Mikkola, S., Wiegert, P., Veillet, C., & Innanen, K. A. (2002) · Meteoritics and Planetary Science · doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2002.tb01039.x · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citationGeneral solution of the Kozai mechanism
Kinoshita, H., & Nakai, H. (2007) · Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy · doi:10.1007/s10569-007-9069-6 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Stability limits for the quasi-satellite orbit
Mikkola, S., Innanen, K., Wiegert, P., Connors, M., & Brasser, R. (2006) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10306.x · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Self-citationAsteroid 2002 VE68, a quasi-satellite of Venus
Mikkola, S., Brasser, R., Wiegert, P., & Innanen, K. A. (2004) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07994.x · Cited by 76 · see citing works
The Orbital Evolution of Near-Earth Asteroid 3753
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Discovery of Earth's quasi‐satellite
Connors, M., Veillet, C., Brasser, R., Wiegert, P., Chodas, P., Mikkola, S., & Innanen, K. (2004) · Meteoritics & Planetary Science · doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2004.tb00944.x · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationDelta-v requirements for earth co-orbital rendezvous missions
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Asteroid 2014 OL339: yet another Earth quasi-satellite
de la Fuente Marcos, C., & de la Fuente Marcos, R. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1978 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
- Authors
- Connors, M.
- Affiliations
- Athabasca University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Connors, M.
- ORCID
- Connors, M.
- Venue
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-11
- Volume
- 437
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- L85-L89
- ISSN
- 1745-3925 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-3933
- OpenAlex
- W2006002644
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 1.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Spacecraft Dynamics and Control
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Space Satellite Systems and Control
- Keywords
- Kozai resonance, 1:1 resonance, orbital stability, orbital injection
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