Insights into the Origin of Metazoan Filopodia and Microvilli
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Filopodia are fine actin-based cellular projections used for both environmental sensing and cell motility, and they are essential organelles for metazoan cells. In this study, we reconstruct the origin of metazoan filopodia and microvilli. We first report on the evolutionary assembly of the filopodial molecular toolkit and show that homologs of many metazoan filopodial components, including fascin and myosin X, were already present in the unicellular or colonial progenitors of metazoans. Furthermore, we find that the actin crosslinking protein fascin localizes to filopodia-like structures and microvilli in the choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta. In addition, homologs of filopodial genes in the holozoan Capsaspora owczarzaki are upregulated in filopodia-bearing cells relative to those that lack them. Therefore, our findings suggest that proteins essential for metazoan filopodia and microvilli are functionally conserved in unicellular and colonial holozoans and that the last common ancestor of metazoans bore a complex and specific filopodial machinery.
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Early metazoan cells formed lamellipodia and filopodia, using proteins that reorganize cortical actin filaments such as the Arp2/3 complex, fascin, and myosin X.
“In addition, we can infer that early metazoan cells formed lamellipodia and filopodia, using proteins that reorganize cortical actin filaments such as the Arp2/3 complex, the actin cross-linking protein fascin, and myosin X”
From Gastric pouches and the mucociliary sole: setting the stage for nervous system evolution (2015) · cites this paper as [39]
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- Schäfer C Born S Möhl C Houben S Kirchgeßner N Merkel R Dependence of adhesion, actin bundles, force generation and transmission on filopodia Cell Adh Migr. 2010 4 2:215 225 PMC2900617 20179423
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Sebé-Pedrós, A., Burkhardt, P., Sánchez-Pons, N., Fairclough, S. R., Lang, B. F., King, N., & Ruiz-Trillo, I.
- Affiliations
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (ES)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Université de Montréal (CA)
- Corresponding author
- King, Nicole
- Venue
- Molecular Biology and Evolution
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-06-14
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2013-2023
- ISSN
- 0737-4038 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-1719
- PMC
- PMC3748353
- OpenAlex
- W2163010743
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 4.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Molecular Biology and Evolution (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Broad Institute
- Joint Genome Institute
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (ERC-2007-StG-206883)
- National Institutes of Health (GM089977)
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM089977, R01GM089977)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Keywords
- filopodia, microvilli, animal evolution, fascin, myosin X, actin cross-linking, Salpingoeca rosetta, Capsaspora owczarzaki, choanoflagellates, functional conservation
- MeSH terms
- Actins, Animals, Carrier Proteins, Cell Movement, Biological Evolution, Humans, Microfilament Proteins, Microvilli, Myosins, Phylogeny, Pseudopodia, Gelsolin, cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein, Mesomycetozoea, Choanoflagellata
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