PDBe-KB: collaboratively defining the biological context of structural data
Open accessAbstract
The Protein Data Bank in Europe – Knowledge Base (PDBe-KB, https://pdbe-kb.org) is an open collaboration between world-leading specialist data resources contributing functional and biophysical annotations derived from or relevant to the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The goal of PDBe-KB is to place macromolecular structure data in their biological context by developing standardised data exchange formats and integrating functional annotations from the contributing partner resources into a knowledge graph that can provide valuable biological insights. Since we described PDBe-KB in 2019, there have been significant improvements in the variety of available annotation data sets and user functionality. Here, we provide an overview of the consortium, highlighting the addition of annotations such as predicted covalent binders, phosphorylation sites, effects of mutations on the protein structure and energetic local frustration. In addition, we describe a library of reusable web-based visualisation components and introduce new features such as a bulk download data service and a novel superposition service that generates clusters of superposed protein chains weekly for the whole PDB archive.
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The impact of predicted structures is enhanced by their seamless integration into several core data resources, including PDBe-KB, UniProt, Ensembl, InterPro, Genecards and MobiDB.
“The impact of the predicted structures is further enhanced by their seamless integration into several core data resources, including PDBe-KB (17), UniProt (6), Ensembl (16), InterPro (15), Genecards (24) and MobiDB (25), among others.”
From AlphaFold Protein Structure Database in 2024: providing structure coverage for over 214 million protein sequences (2024) · cites this paper as [17]
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Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold
Jumper, J., Evans, R., Pritzel, A., Green, T., Figurnov, M., Ronneberger, O., Tunyasuvunakool, K., Bates, R., Žídek, A., Potapenko, A., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2 · Cited by 43,764 · see citing works
Highly accurate protein structure prediction for the human proteome
Tunyasuvunakool, K., Adler, J., Wu, Z., Green, T., Zielinski, M., Žídek, A., Bridgland, A., Cowie, A., Meyer, C., Laydon, A., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03828-1 · Cited by 3,025 · cited 1× · see citing works
“While the aggregated views of proteins already provided an overview of all the protein structures available in the PDB, we have expanded the scope to include predicted models from data providers such as SWISS-MODEL and AlphaFold DB (14,49) (Figure 5).”
MethodSelf-citationJankauskaitė, J., Jiménez-García, B., Dapkūnas, J., Fernández-Recio, J., & Moal, I. H. (2019) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bty635 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Defining a new nomenclature for the structures of active and inactive kinases
Modi, V., & Dunbrack, R. L. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1814279116 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
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Varadi, M., Bertoni, D., Magana, P., Paramval, U., Pidruchna, I., Radhakrishnan, M., Tsenkov, M., Nair, S., Mirdita, M., Yeo, J., et al. (2024) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkad1011 · Cited by 2,052 · see citing works
Self-citationConte, A. D., Mehdiabadi, M., Bouhraoua, A., Miguel Monzon, A., Tosatto, S. C. E., & Piovesan, D. (2023) · Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics · doi:10.1002/prot.26582 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationChallenges in bridging the gap between protein structure prediction and functional interpretation
Varadi, M., Tsenkov, M., & Velankar, S. (2025) · Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics · doi:10.1002/prot.26614 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationVaradi, M., Nair, S., Sillitoe, I., Tauriello, G., Anyango, S., Bienert, S., Borges, C., Deshpande, M., Green, T., Hassabis, D., et al. (2022) · GigaScience · doi:10.1093/gigascience/giac118 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationVaradi, M., Bordin, N., Orengo, C., & Velankar, S. (2023) · Current Opinion in Structural Biology · doi:10.1016/j.sbi.2023.102543 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- PDBe-KB consortium, Varadi, M., Anyango, S., Armstrong, D., Berrisford, J., Choudhary, P., Deshpande, M., Nadzirin, N., Nair, S. S., Pravda, L., Tanweer, A., Al-Lazikani, B., Andreini, C., Barton, G. J., Bednar, D., Berka, K., Blundell, T., Brock, K. P., Carazo, J. M., Damborsky, J., David, A., Dey, S., Dunbrack, R., Recio, J. F., Fraternali, F., Gibson, T., Helmer-Citterich, M., Hoksza, D., Hopf, T., Jakubec, D., Kannan, N., Krivak, R., Kumar, M., Levy, E. D., London, N., Macias, J. R., Srivatsan, M. M., Marks, D. S., Martens, L., McGowan, S. A., McGreig, J. E., Modi, V., Parra, R. G., Pepe, G., Piovesan, D., Prilusky, J., Putignano, V., Radusky, L. G., Ramasamy, P., Rausch, A. O., Reuter, N., Rodriguez, L. A., Rollins, N. J., Rosato, A., Rubach, P., Serrano, L., Singh, G., Skoda, P., Sorzano, C. O. S., Stourac, J., Sulkowska, J. I., Svobodova, R., Tichshenko, N., Tosatto, S. C. E., Vranken, W., Wass, M. N., Xue, D., Zaidman, D., Thornton, J., Sternberg, M., Orengo, C., & Velankar, S.
- ORCID
- Anyango, Stephen
- Armstrong, David
- Berrisford, John
- Choudhary, Preeti
- Deshpande, Mandar
- Nadzirin, Nurul
- Nair, Sreenath S
- Tanweer, Ahsan
- Andreini, Claudia
- Barton, Geoffrey J
- Berka, Karel
- Blundell, Tom
- Brock, Kelly P
- Carazo, Jose Maria
- David, Alessia
- Dey, Sucharita
- Dunbrack, Roland
- Fraternali, Franca
- Gibson, Toby
- Hoksza, David
- Hopf, Thomas
- Kannan, Natarajan
- Kumar, Manjeet
- Levy, Emmanuel D
- London, Nir
- Marks, Debora S
- Martens, Lennart
- McGreig, Jake E
- Modi, Vivek
- Parra, R Gonzalo
- Pepe, Gerardo
- Piovesan, Damiano
- Prilusky, Jaime
- Radusky, Leandro G
- Ramasamy, Pathmanaban
- Rausch, Atilio O
- Reuter, Nathalie
- Rollins, Nathan J
- Rosato, Antonio
- Rubach, Paweł
- Sulkowska, Joanna I
- Tichshenko, Natalia
- Tosatto, Silvio C E
- Vranken, Wim
- Wass, Mark N
- Xue, Dandan
- Zaidman, Daniel
- Thornton, Janet
- Sternberg, Michael
- Orengo, Christine
- Velankar, Sameer
- Venue
- Nucleic Acids Research
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2021-11-10
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- D1
- Pages
- D534-D542
- ISSN
- 0305-1048 (ISSN-L)
- 1362-4962
- PMC
- PMC8728252
- OpenAlex
- W3214131546
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 4.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nucleic Acids Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Florence Research (University of Florence) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Veřejné služby Informačního systému (Masarykiana Brunensis Universitas) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Repositori digital de la UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- UPCommons institutional repository (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- ELIXIR
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/T01959X/1)
- FunPDBe (BB/P024351/1)
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory
- European Bioinformatics Institute
- The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (INBIO CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_026/0008451, ELIXIR-CZ LM2018131)
- European Union's Horizon 2020 Programme (823839)
- Research Foundation Flanders (G032816N, G042518N, G028821N)
- Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze (24316)
- European Commission (101017567)
- AIRC (IG 23539)
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019-110167RB-I00)
- Norwegian Research Council (288008)
- Horizon 2020 (819318)
- Wellcome Trust (104955/Z/14/Z, 218242/Z/19/Z)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Enzyme Structure and Function
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Keywords
- Protein Data Bank, functional annotation, knowledge graphs, data exchange format, phosphorylation sites
- MeSH terms
- Europe, Humans, Models, Molecular, Mutation, Phosphorylation, Protein Conformation, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Proteins, Structure-Activity Relationship, User-Computer Interface, Internet, Databases, Protein, Knowledge Bases, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Gene Ontology
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