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Allele frequency net 2015 update: new features for HLA epitopes, KIR and disease and HLA adverse drug reaction associations

Open access
González-Galarza, Faviel F., Takeshita, Louise Y.C., Santos, Eduardo J.M., Kempson, Felicity, Maia, Maria Helena Thomaz, Silva, Andrea Luciana Soares da, Silva, André Luiz Teles e, Ghattaoraya, Gurpreet S., Alfirevic, Ana, Jones, Andrew R., Middleton, Derek·2015·Nucleic Acids Research

Abstract

It has been 12 years since the Allele Frequency Net Database (AFND; http://www.allelefrequencies.net) was first launched, providing the scientific community with an online repository for the storage of immune gene frequencies in different populations across the world. There have been a significant number of improvements from the first version, making AFND a primary resource for many clinical and scientific areas including histocompatibility, immunogenetics, pharmacogenetics and anthropology studies, among many others. The most widely used part of AFND stores population frequency data (alleles, genes or haplotypes) related to human leukocyte antigens (HLA), killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related genes (MIC) and a number of cytokine gene polymorphisms. AFND now contains >1400 populations from more than 10 million healthy individuals. Here, we report how the main features of AFND have been updated to include a new section on 'HLA epitope' frequencies in populations, a new section capturing the results of studies identifying HLA associations with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and one for the examination of infectious and autoimmune diseases associated with KIR polymorphisms-thus extending AFND to serve a new user base in these growing areas of research. New criteria on data quality have also been included.

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Metadata

Authors
González-Galarza, F. F., Takeshita, L. Y. C., Santos, E. J. M., Kempson, F., Maia, M. H. T., Silva, A. L. S. D., Silva, A. L. T. E., Ghattaoraya, G. S., Alfirevic, A., Jones, A. R., & Middleton, D.
Venue
Nucleic Acids Research
Published
2014-11-20
Volume
43
Issue
D1
Pages
D784-D788
ISSN
  • 0305-1048 (ISSN-L)
  • 1362-4962
OpenAlex
W2009483826
Cited by
737
References
2
FWCI
42.20
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Allele frequency net 2015 update: new features for HLA epitopes, KIR and disease and HLA adverse drug reaction associations. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/nar/gku1166
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González-Galarza, F. F., Takeshita, L. Y. C., Santos, E. J. M., Kempson, F., Maia, M. H. T., Silva, A. L. S. D., Silva, A. L. T. E., Ghattaoraya, G. S., Alfirevic, A., Jones, A. R., & Middleton, D. (2015). Allele frequency net 2015 update: new features for HLA epitopes, KIR and disease and HLA adverse drug reaction associations. Nucleic Acids Research. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku1166

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