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Exploring the Relationship Between Cigarette Prices and Smoking Among Adults: A Cross-Country Study of Low- and Middle-Income Nations
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INTRODUCTION: Evidence on the relationship between cigarette prices and adult smoking in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is relatively limited. This study offers new descriptive evidence on this relationship using data from a set of 13 LMICs. METHODS: We use Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) cross-country data from approximately 200,000 participants aged 15 and older. Estimates on the relationship between prices and adult smoking were obtained from logit models of smoking participation and ordinary least squares models of conditional cigarette demand. RESULTS: Higher prices were associated with lower demand across countries, in terms of both smoking prevalence and daily number of cigarettes smoked among smokers. Our estimates suggest that the total price elasticity of cigarette demand in LMICs is approximately -0.53. We find that higher socioeconomic status (SES), represented through wealth and education effects is associated with lower chance of smoking overall, but among existing smokers, it may be associated with a larger number of cigarettes smoked. CONCLUSIONS: After controlling for a set of individual demographic and country characteristics, cigarette prices retain a significant role in shaping cigarette demand across LMICs. Because higher SES is associated with a reduced chance of smoking overall but also with increased daily consumption among current smokers, optimal tobacco tax policies in LMICs may face an added need to accommodate to shifting SES structures within the populations of these countries.
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Tobacco taxes reduce initiation among youth, demand and consumption among current smokers, and relapse among former smokers.
“Tobacco taxes reduce initiation among youth, demand and consumption among current smokers, and relapse among former smokers.5–10”
From Seven-year tobacco tax plan in Ukraine: a case study of the actors, tactics and factors motivating policy passage (2022) · cites this paper as [9]
The Abstract and Results report that higher cigarette prices were associated with lower smoking prevalence and fewer cigarettes smoked by current smokers in 13 low- and middle-income countries. The study examines price associations, not the causal effect of taxes, and does not establish reduced youth initiation or relapse among former smokers. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Weiger, C., Hoe, C., & Cohen, J. E. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049833 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Kostova, D., Tesche, J., Perucic, A.-M., Yurekli, A., Asma, S., & on behalf of the GATS Collaborative Group
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- World Health Organization (CH)
- Venue
- Nicotine & Tobacco Research
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-12-16
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- Suppl 1
- Pages
- S10-S15
- ISSN
- 1462-2203 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-994X
- OpenAlex
- W2328553449
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 2.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- public-domain
- Locations
- Nicotine & Tobacco Research (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic and Fiscal Studies
- Keywords
- cigarette prices, adult smoking, cigarette demand, price elasticity, tobacco taxation, socioeconomic status, smoking prevalence, cigarettes per day, low- and middle-income countries, tobacco control
- MeSH terms
- Smoking Prevention, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Asia, Commerce, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Collection, Developing Countries, Egypt, Europe, Eastern, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Smoking, Social Class, South America, Prevalence, Smoking Cessation, Young Adult, Tobacco Products
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