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Cited by 334Origins and Evolution of LifePhilosophy and History of ScienceEvolution and Genetic Dynamics

The Origins of Life: From the birth of life to the origin of language

Maynard Smith, John, SzathmáRy, EöRs·1999
DOI 10.1093/oso/9780198504931.001.0001
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Abstract

Abstract Living organisms are astonishingly complex. And the more we know about them - their biochemistry, their anatomy, their behaviour - the more astonishing are the detailed adaptations that we discover. How could this complexity have arisen? Most of us are familiar with Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. The idea behind it being that, in nature, those individuals best able to survive and reproduce will transmit the characteristics that enabled them to do so to their offspring, leading to the evolution of traits beneficial to the organism. Although Darwin's idea is simple - perhaps because it is so simple - it is hard to believe that it is able to explain the complexity of the living world. We can breed cows that produce more milk compared with earlier generations, say, but we cannot breed pigs that fly, or horses that can talk: there would be no promising variants that we could select and breed from. Where, then, does the variation come from that has made possible the evolution of ever-increasing complexity in the wonderfully adapted organisms we see around us? In answering this central question, John Maynard Smith and Eors Szathmary present for a general readership a novel picture of evolution. Their basic idea is that evolution depends on changes in the information that is passed between generations, and that there have been a number of 'major transitions' in the way that information is stored and transmitted. These transitions include the appearance of the first replicating molecules - the origin of life itself; the origin of cells; reproduction by sexual means; the appearance of multicellular plants and animals; the emergence of cooperation and of animal societies; and the unique language ability of humans. Here, then, is an accessible account of contemporary biology on the grandest scale, from the birth of life to the origin of language. Containing many original ideas, and covering many of the most fundamental ideas in biology, this important and deeply interesting book will appeal both to readers with little prior knowledge of science and to biologists themselves.

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Authors
Maynard Smith, J., & SzathmáRy, E.
ORCID
SzathmáRy, EöRs
Publisher
Oxford University PressOxford
Published
1999-03-04
DOI
10.1093/oso/9780198504931.001.0001
OpenAlex
W4388277938
Cited by
334
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 11
FWCI
9.24
Type
book
Language
en
Open access
closed
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Philosophy and History of Science
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
Keywords
origin of life, major transitions, evolution of complexity, information transmission, origin of cells, sexual reproduction, multicellularity, cooperation, animal societies, origin of language, Darwinian evolution, John Maynard Smith

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