The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Case-Crossover Design: A Method for Studying Transient Effects on the Risk of Acute Events
Abstract
A case-control design involving only cases may be used when brief exposure causes a transient change in risk of a rare acute-onset disease. The design resembles a retrospective nonrandomized crossover study but differs in having only a sample of the base population-time. The average incidence rate ratio for a hypothesized effect period following the exposure is estimable using the Mantel-Haenszel estimator. The duration of the effect period is assumed to be that which maximizes the rate ratio estimate. Self-matching of cases eliminates the threat of control-selection bias and increases efficiency. Pilot data from a study of myocardial infarction onset illustrate the control of within-individual confounding due to temporal association of exposures.
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In the citing paper
“The casecrossover study design permits the assessment of change in the risk of an event during a brief”
From Triggering of Sudden Death from Cardiac Causes by Vigorous Exertion (2000) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“this study eliminated the effect of confounding by factors that differed among patients.”
From Triggering of Acute Myocardial Infarction by Heavy Physical Exertion -- Protection against Triggering by Regular Exertion (1993) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“The case-crossover study design was developed in the 1990s to study triggers of acute myocardial infarction and has subsequently been applied to several other acute conditions24,25.”
From Triggers of Spontaneous Preterm Delivery – Why Today? (2014) · cites this paper as [24]
In the citing paper
“Because control information for each subject is based on his or her own past exposure experience, self-matching eliminates confounding by risk factors that are constant within individuals over the sampling period but often differ between study subjects.”
From Coffee and acute ischemic stroke onset: The Stroke Onset Study (2010) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Since the casecrossover design uses subjects as their own controls, there is no variability in traditional risk factors for stroke.11”
From Coffee and acute ischemic stroke onset: The Stroke Onset Study (2010) · cites this paper as [11]
Citations
Cites
Statistical Methods in Cancer Research
Breslow, N. E. (1980) · Cited by 7,332
Epidemiologic Research: Principles and Quantitative Methods.
Mayer, L. S., Kleinbaum, D. G., Kupper, L. L., & Morgenstern, H. (1984) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2288427 · Cited by 2,905
The analysis of case-control studies
Breslow, N. E., & Day, N. E. (1980) · International Agency for Research on Cancer eBooks · Cited by 2,415
Circadian Variation in the Frequency of Onset of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Muller, J. E., Stone, P. H., Turi, Z. G., Rutherford, J. D., Czeisler, C. A., Parker, C., Poole, W. K., Passamani, E., Roberts, R., Robertson, T., et al. (1985) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198511213132103 · Cited by 1,884
Circadian variation and triggers of onset of acute cardiovascular disease.
Muller, J. E., Tofler, G. H., & Stone, P. H. (1989) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.79.4.733 · Cited by 1,426
Tofler, G. H., Brezinski, D., Schafer, A. I., Czeisler, C. A., Rutherford, J. D., Willich, S. N., Gleason, R. E., Williams, G. H., & Muller, J. E. (1987) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198706113162405 · Cited by 1,072
(1985) · Cited by 487
Crossover and Self-Controlled Designs in Clinical Research
Louis, T. A., Lavori, P. W., Bailar, J. C., & Polansky, M. (1984) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198401053100106 · Cited by 339
Rothman, K. J. (1981) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113189 · Cited by 264
COFFEE-DRINKING AND CANCER OF THE LOWER URINARY TRACT
Cole, P. T. (1971) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(71)91890-3 · Cited by 223
Asbestos and renal adenocarcinoma: A case-control study
Maclure, M. (1987) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/s0013-9351(87)80200-1 · Cited by 82
Self-citationVALIDITY OF QUESTIONNAIRE INFORMATION ON FREQUENCY OF COITUS
Hornsby, P. P., & Wilcox, A. J. (1989) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115326 · Cited by 79
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Pope, C. A., & Dockery, D. W. (2006) · Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association · doi:10.1080/10473289.2006.10464485 · Cited by 6,900
Increased Particulate Air Pollution and the Triggering of Myocardial Infarction
Peters, A., Dockery, D. W., Muller, J. E., & Mittleman, M. A. (2001) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.103.23.2810 · Cited by 1,479
Medication Use and the Risk of Stevens–Johnson Syndrome or Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Roujeau, J., Kelly, J. P., Naldi, L., Rzany, B., Stern, R. S., Anderson, T. E., Auquier, A., Bastuji‐Garin, S., Correia, O., Locati, F., et al. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199512143332404 · Cited by 1,443
Mittleman, M. A., Maclure, M., Tofler, G. H., Sherwood, J. B., Goldberg, R. J., & Muller, J. E. (1993) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199312023292301 · Cited by 1,431
Self-citationRelation between elevated ambient temperature and mortality: A review of the epidemiologic evidence
Basu, R. (2002) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/epirev/mxf007 · Cited by 1,381
Metadata
- Authors
- Maclure, M.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Maclure, Malcolm
- ORCID
- Maclure, Malcolm
- Venue
- American Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1991-01-15
- Volume
- 133
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 144-153
- ISSN
- 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-6256
- OpenAlex
- W2136527705
- Cited by
- 2,327
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 76 · 2025: 75 · 2024: 124 · 2023: 93 · 2022: 139 · 2021: 121 · 2020: 113 · 2019: 118 · 2018: 113 · 2017: 100 · 2016: 112 · 2015: 115 · 2014: 118 · 2013: 113 · 2012: 94
- FWCI
- 9.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL41016, R01HL041016)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Keywords
- case-crossover design, incidence rate ratio, Mantel-Haenszel estimator, control selection bias, myocardial infarction, exposure duration
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Research Design, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Bias, Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic, Case-Control Studies
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