The DOI matches its Crossref record; 163 of the 163 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Defining and Assessing Adherence to Oral Antipsychotics: A Review of the Literature
Open accessAbstract
The definition and assessment of adherence vary considerably across studies. Increasing consensus regarding these issues is necessary to improve our understanding of adherence and the development of more effective treatments. We review the adherence literature over the past 3 decades to explore the definitions and assessment of adherence to oral antipsychotics in schizophrenia patients. A total of 161 articles were identified through MEDLINE and PsycINFO searches. The most common method used to assess adherence was the report of the patient. Subjective and indirect methods including self-report, provider report, significant other report, and chart review were the only methods used to assess adherence in over 77% (124/161) of studies reviewed. Direct or objective measures including pill count, blood or urine analysis, electronic monitoring, and electronic refill records were used in less than 23% (37/161) of studies. Even in studies utilizing the same methodology to assess adherence, definitions of an adherent subject varied broadly from agreeing to take any medication to taking at least 90% of medication as prescribed. We make suggestions for consensus development, including the use of recommended terminology for different subject samples, the increased use of objective or direct measures, and the inclusion in all studies of an estimate of the percentage of medication taken as prescribed in an effort to increase comparability among studies. The suggestions are designed to advance the field with respect to both understanding predictors of adherence and developing interventions to improve adherence to oral antipsychotic medications.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
(2018) · Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.5505/kpd · Cited by 13,651
The American Journal of Managed Care
(2020) · The American Journal of Managed Care · doi:10.37765/ajmc · Cited by 3,237
Haynes, R. B., Taylor, D. W., & Sackett, D. L. (1979) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) · Cited by 1,627
(1986) · Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research · doi:10.4135/9781412985659.n2 · Cited by 1,375
Assessment of insight in psychosis
(1993) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.150.6.873 · Cited by 1,095
Hogan, T. P., Awad, A. G., & Eastwood, R. (1983) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291700050182 · Cited by 1,028
Reliability and validity of a new Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) for the psychoses
Thompson, K., Kulkarni, J., & Sergejew, A. A. (2000) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00130-9 · Cited by 981
Determinants of Medication Compliance in Schizophrenia: Empirical and Clinical Findings
Fenton, W. S., Blyler, C. R., & Heinssen, R. K. (1997) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/23.4.637 · Cited by 957
Compliance therapy in psychotic patients: randomised controlled trial
Kemp, R., Hayward, P., Applewhaite, G., Everitt, B., & David, A. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7027.345 · Cited by 633
Weiden, P. J., Kozma, C., Grogg, A., & Locklear, J. (2004) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.55.8.886 · Cited by 621
Cited by
A new taxonomy for describing and defining adherence to medications
Vrijens, B., De Geest, S., Hughes, D. A., Przemyslaw, K., Demonceau, J., Ruppar, T., Dobbels, F., Fargher, E., Morrison, V., Lewek, P., et al. (2012) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04167.x · Cited by 2,028
Consensus Guidelines for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Neuropsychopharmacology: Update 2017
Hiemke, C., Bergemann, N., Clement, H., Conca, A., Deckert, J., Domschke, K., Eckermann, G., Egberts, K., Gerlach, M., Greiner, C., et al. (2018) · Pharmacopsychiatry · doi:10.1055/s-0043-116492 · Cited by 1,446
AGNP Consensus Guidelines for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Psychiatry: Update 2011
Hiemke, C., Baumann, P., Bergemann, N., Conca, A., Dietmaier, O., Egberts, K., Fric, M., Gerlach, M., Greiner, C., Gründer, G., et al. (2011) · Pharmacopsychiatry · doi:10.1055/s-0031-1286287 · Cited by 868
Self-report measures of medication adherence behavior: recommendations on optimal use
Stirratt, M. J., Dunbar-Jacob, J., Crane, H. M., Simoni, J. M., Czajkowski, S., Hilliard, M. E., Aikens, J. E., Hunter, C. M., Velligan, D. I., Huntley, K., et al. (2015) · Translational Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s13142-015-0315-2 · Cited by 824
Self-citationNonadherence with antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia: challenges and management strategies
Haddad, P., Brain, C., & Scott, J. (2014) · Patient Related Outcome Measures · doi:10.2147/prom.s42735 · Cited by 585
Metadata
- Authors
- Velligan, D. I., Lam, Y.-W. F., Glahn, D. C., Barrett, J. A., Maples, N. J., Ereshefsky, L., & Miller, A. L.
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Bulletin
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-10-12
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 724-742
- ISSN
- 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-1701
- OpenAlex
- W2087709083
- Cited by
- 309
- References
- 163
- FWCI
- 5.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Defining and Assessing Adherence to Oral Antipsychotics: A Review of the Literature. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/schbul/sbj075
- The paper
- Velligan, D. I., Lam, Y.-W. F., Glahn, D. C., Barrett, J. A., Maples, N. J., Ereshefsky, L., & Miller, A. L. (2005). Defining and Assessing Adherence to Oral Antipsychotics: A Review of the Literature. Schizophrenia Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbj075
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.