The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Comparative Effectiveness of Antipsychotic Drugs for Rehospitalization in Schizophrenia—A Nationwide Study With 20-Year Follow-up
Open accessAbstract
Very little is known about the comparative long-term effectiveness of novel antipsychotics in relapse prevention, especially in first-episode schizophrenia. Nationwide data from Finnish health care registers were gathered prospectively for all persons with periods of inpatient care due to schizophrenia in Finland during 1972-2014. Altogether 62250 persons were included in the prevalent cohort, and 8719 in the incident (first-episode schizophrenia) cohort. The follow-up for antipsychotic use started at 1996 for the prevalent cohort, and at the first discharge from inpatient care for the incident cases. Within-individual Cox regression models for risk of psychiatric and all-cause hospitalization were constructed to compare risk during antipsychotic use and no use using individual as his/her own control to eliminate selection bias. With follow-up time up to 20 years (median = 14.1, interquartile range = 6.9-20.0), 59% of the prevalent cohort were readmitted to psychiatric inpatient care. Olanzapine long-acting injection (LAI; adjusted hazard ratio = 0.46, 95% confidence interval = 0.36-0.61), clozapine (0.51, 0.49-0.53), and paliperidone LAI (0.51, 0.40-0.66) were associated with the lowest risk of psychiatric rehospitalization in the prevalent cohort. Among first-episode patients, the lowest risks were observed for flupentixol LAI (0.24, 0.12-0.49), olanzapine LAI (0.26, 0.16-0.44), and perphenazine LAI (0.39, 0.31-0.50). Clozapine and LAIs were associated with the lowest risk of all-cause hospitalization in both cohorts. Clozapine and LAIs are the most effective treatments in preventing psychiatric and all-cause hospitalization among chronic and first-episode patients with schizophrenia.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In addition to the benefits of reduced treatment gaps with LAI versus oral antipsychotics, studies, particularly those in real-world samples, have demonstrated reduced psychopathology, relapses, hospitalizations, and mortality risk with LAI formulations [98–104].”
From Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics for Schizophrenia: An Overview (2021) · cites this paper as [102]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Furthermore, both the clinical benefits and cost-effectiveness of the DPP lifestyle interventions was maintained over a 10-year follow up, even when compared to metformin as a control condition.234,235”
From The Lancet Psychiatry Commission: a blueprint for protecting physical health in people with mental illness (2019) · cites this paper as [234]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Leucht, S., Cipriani, A., Spineli, L., Mavridis, D., Örey, D., Richter, F., Samara, M., Barbui, C., Engel, R. R., Geddes, J. R., et al. (2013) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60733-3 · Cited by 2,561
Tiihonen, J., Lönnqvist, J., Wahlbeck, K., Klaukka, T., Niskanen, L., Tanskanen, A., & Haukka, J. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60742-x · Cited by 1,354
Self-citationTiihonen, J., Mittendorfer-Rutz, E., Majak, M., Mehtälä, J., Hoti, F., Jedenius, E., Enkusson, D., Leval, A., Sermon, J., Tanskanen, A., et al. (2017) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.1322 · Cited by 670
Self-citationTiihonen, J., Haukka, J., Taylor, M., Haddad, P. M., Patel, M. X., & Korhonen, P. (2011) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10081224 · Cited by 619
Self-citationTiihonen, J., Wahlbeck, K., Lönnqvist, J. K., Klaukka, T., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Volavka, J., & Haukka, J. K. (2006) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.38881.382755.2f · Cited by 389
Self-citationFrom prescription drug purchases to drug use periods – a second generation method (PRE2DUP)
Tanskanen, A. J., Taipale, H. T., Koponen, M., Tolppanen, A., Hartikainen, S. A., Ahonen, R. S., & Tiihonen, J. (2015) · BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making · doi:10.1186/s12911-015-0140-z · Cited by 200
Self-citationThe Societal Cost of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review
Jin, H., & Mosweu, I. (2016) · PharmacoEconomics · doi:10.1007/s40273-016-0444-6 · Cited by 195
Decline in the Incidence of Schizophrenia in Finnish Cohorts Born From 1954 to 1965
Suvisaari, J., Haukka, J. K., Tanskanen, A. J., & Lönnqvist, J. K. (1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.8.733 · Cited by 148
Self-citationHayes, R. D., Downs, J. M., Chang, C., Jackson, R., Shetty, H., Broadbent, M., Hotopf, M. H., & Stewart, R. J. (2014) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbu120 · Cited by 130
Selection Bias in Clinical Trials With Antipsychotics
Hofer, A., Hummer, M., Huber, R., Kurz, M., Walch, T., & Fleischhacker, W. W. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/00004714-200012000-00019 · Cited by 112
Fitzsimons, J., Berk, M., Lambert, T., Bourin, M., & Dodd, S. (2005) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1517/14740338.4.4.731 · Cited by 80
Kiviniemi, M., Suvisaari, J., Koivumaa-Honkanen, H. T., Häkkinen, U., Isohanni, M. K., & Hakko, H. H. (2013) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2013.07.043 · Cited by 78
Taipale, H. T., Tanskanen, A. J., Koponen, M., Tolppanen, A., Tiihonen, J., & Hartikainen, S. A. (2016) · Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.2147/clep.s116160 · Cited by 73
Self-citationVanasse, A., Blais, L., Courteau, J., Cohen, A. A., Roberge, P., Larouche, A., Grignon, S., Fleury, M., LESAGE, A. D., Demers, M., et al. (2016) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12621 · Cited by 72
Kühl, J. O. G., Laursen, T. M., Thorup, A. A. E., & Nordentoft, M. (2016) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2016.06.023 · Cited by 61
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. Structure and Principles
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Firth, J., Siddiqi, N., Koyanagi, A., Siskind, D., Rosenbaum, S., Galletly, C., Allan, S., Caneo, C., Carney, R., Carvalho, A. F., et al. (2019) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(19)30132-4 · Cited by 1,531
Barnes, T. R. E., Drake, R., Paton, C., Cooper, S. J., Deakin, J. F. W., Ferrier, I. N., Gregory, C. J., Haddad, P. M., Howes, O. D., Jones, I. R., et al. (2019) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881119889296 · Cited by 615
Taipale, H., Tanskanen, A., Mehtälä, J., Vattulainen, P., Correll, C. U., & Tiihonen, J. (2020) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20699 · Cited by 415
Self-citationKishimoto, T., Hagi, K., Kurokawa, S., Kane, J. M., & Correll, C. U. (2021) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(21)00039-0 · Cited by 369
Tiihonen, J., Taipale, H. T., Mehtälä, J., Vattulainen, P., Correll, C. U., & Tanskanen, A. J. (2019) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.4320 · Cited by 313
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Taipale, H., Mehtälä, J., Tanskanen, A., & Tiihonen, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Eastern Finland (FI)
- EPID Research Oy, Espoo, Finland
- Corresponding author
- Tiihonen, Jari
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Bulletin
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2017-12-20
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1381-1387
- ISSN
- 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-1701
- PMC
- PMC6192491
- OpenAlex
- W2776169777
- Cited by
- 153
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 7
- FWCI
- 11.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Bulletin (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UEF eRepo (University of Eastern Finland) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- Finnish Ministry of Social Affairs
- Niuvanniemi Hospital
- Eli Lilly (F1D-HL-0341)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, antipsychotic drugs
- MeSH terms
- Paliperidone Palmitate, Olanzapine, Adult, Aged, Clozapine, Female, Finland, Flupenthixol, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Readmission, Perphenazine, Schizophrenia, Antipsychotic Agents, Incidence, Prevalence, Secondary Prevention, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
