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The Home Advantage
Abstract
This investigation confirms the existence of a home advantage in organized sports; however, it refines and extends that knowledge in a number of ways. The home advantage is most pronounced in the indoor sports of ice hockey and basketball; least so, in the outdoor sports of baseball and football. More effective offensive rather than defensive action is the major factor in the home advantage among all sports. Playing at home or away from home is as strong a correlate of a team's performance as is the average quality of its players. Finally, inferences from the data, as well as more direct observations on audience size and its relationship to performance and outcome, justify the conclusion that the home advantage is almost totally independent of visitor fatigue and lack of familiarity with the home playing area; it is mainly attributable to the social support of the home audience.
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Citations
Cited by
Morley, B., & Thomas, D. (2005) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640410410001730133 · Cited by 92
Home advantage and mispricing in indoor sports’ ghost games: the case of European basketball
De Angelis, L., & Reade, J. J. (2023) · Annals of Operations Research · doi:10.1007/s10479-022-04950-7 · Cited by 18
Measuring team performance and modelling the home advantage effect in cricket
Allsopp, P. (2005) · Swinburne · doi:10.25916/sut.26262548 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Schwartz, B. N., & Barsky, S. F.
- Venue
- Social Forces
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Published
- 1977-03-01
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 641-641
- ISSN
- 0037-7732 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2014548857
- Cited by
- 325
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 1.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Home Advantage. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/sf/55.3.641
- The paper
- Schwartz, B. N., & Barsky, S. F. (1977). The Home Advantage. Social Forces. https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/55.3.641
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
