The DOI matches its OpenAlex record; 64 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Economic Inequality, Family Disruption, and Urban Black Violence: Cities as Units of Stratification and Social Control
Abstract
We examine the city-level relationship between income inequality, family disruption, and rates of violent crime among blacks by viewing communities as units of both stratification and social control The former emphasizes socioeconomic variables, such as inequality, while the latter stresses social disorganization variables such as family disruption as determinants of violent crime. We find that income stratification within black communities (black-to-black inequality) has a strong positive effect on the rates of black violence, but the effect is indirect; income inequality increases family disruption, which elevates the rates of black violence. We argue that using a racially bounded indicator of income inequality has greater theoretical parsimony than using a measure of racial inequality (white-to-black) or overall (total) inequality. The failure in previous research both to employ theoretically appropriate measures of income inequality and to consider indirect as well as direct effects of inequality may explain why the evidence of a relationship between inequality and crime has been weak in previous studies.
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Citations
Cites
Becker, G. S. (1991) · doi:10.4159/9780674020665 · Cited by 10,565
Wilson, W. J. (2018) · Color Class Identity · doi:10.4324/9780429501531-11 · Cited by 3,503
(2020) · Foundations of Modern Econometrics · doi:10.1142/9789811220197_0001 · Cited by 3,457
Community Attachment in Mass Society
Kasarda, J. D., & Janowitz, M. (1974) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2094293 · Cited by 1,746
The Cost of Inequality: Metropolitan Structure and Violent Crime
Blau, J. R., & Blau, P. M. (1982) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2095046 · Cited by 1,500
Losing Ground: American Social Policy, 1950-1980
Murray, C. A. (1984) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,418
Oppenheimer, V. K. (1988) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/229030 · Cited by 1,353
The Methods and Materials of Demography.
Stockwell, E. G., Shryock, H. S., & Siegel, J. S. (1973) · Demography · doi:10.2307/2060757 · Cited by 1,165
Reconciling Race and Class Differences in Self-Reported and Official Estimates of Delinquency
Elliott, D. S., & Ageton, S. S. (1980) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2095245 · Cited by 930
Urban black violence: The effect of male joblessness and family disruption
Sampson, R. J. (1987) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/228748 · Cited by 929
Cited by
Brody, G. H., Conger, R., Gibbons, F. X., Ge, X., McBride Murry, V., Gerrard, M., & Simons, R. L. (2001) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00344 · Cited by 508
Segregation and Crime: The Effect of Black Social Isolation on the Rates of Black Urban Violence
Shihadeh, E. S., & Flynn, N. (1996) · Social Forces · doi:10.1093/sf/74.4.1325 · Cited by 371
Self-citationThe Structural Context of Homicide: Accounting for Racial Differences in Process
Krivo, L. J., & Peterson, R. D. (2000) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/000312240006500404 · Cited by 314
Lee, G. P., Storr, C. L., Ialongo, N. S., & Martins, S. S. (2011) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.06.002 · Cited by 51
Hannon, L., & DeFina, R. (2005) · Journal of Poverty · doi:10.1300/j134v09n03_03 · Cited by 33
Metadata
- Authors
- Shihadeh, E. S., & Steffensmeier, D. J.
- Venue
- Social Forces
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Published
- 1994-12-01
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 729-729
- ISSN
- 0037-7732 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2104635402
- Cited by
- 287
- References
- 64
- FWCI
- 26.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
