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Short Sleep Duration in Prevalent and Persistent Psychological Distress in Young Adults: The DRIVE Study
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: Young people are sleeping less. Short sleep duration has a range of negative consequences including a hypothesized link with psychological distress, which has yet to be studied DESIGN: Prospective cohort study SETTING: Community-based sample from Australia PARTICIPANTS: Twenty thousand (20,822) young adults (aged 17-24) identified through the state vehicle licensing authority. A random sample (n = 5000) was approached for follow-up 12-18 months later, with 2837 providing full data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Psychological distress, determined by a Kessler 10 score > 21, at baseline; and as both onset and persistence of distress at follow-up. RESULTS: Shorter sleep duration was linearly associated with prevalent psychological distress: relative risk (RR) 1.14 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.15). Only the very short (< 5 h) sleepers among those not distressed at baseline had an increased risk for onset of psychological distress (RR 3.25 [95% CI 1.84, 5.75]). Of 945 cohort participants reporting psychological distress at baseline, 419 (44%) were distressed at follow-up. Each hour less of sleep increased the risk of psychological distress persisting after adjustment for potential confounding variables: RR 1.05 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.10). Long sleep duration showed no association with distress at any time point. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported shorter sleep duration is linearly associated with prevalent and persistent psychological distress in young adults. In contrast, only the very short sleepers had a raised risk of new onset of distress. Different approaches to sleep duration measurement yield different results and should guide any interventions to improve subjective sleep duration in young adults.
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“Experimental4,89,90 and longitudinal observational studies88,91 suggest short sleep duration can lead to depression and other mental health symptoms.”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Glozier, N., Martiniuk, A., Patton, G., Ivers, R., Li, Q., Hickie, I., Senserrick, T., Woodward, M., Norton, R., & Stevenson, M.
- Affiliations
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute (AU)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Sleep
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-09
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1139-1145
- ISSN
- 0161-8105 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-9109
- PMC
- PMC2938854
- OpenAlex
- W1736076239
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 7.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- SLEEP (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Sanofi
- European Psychiatric Association
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Keywords
- short sleep duration, psychological distress, young adults, Kessler K10, sleep and mental health
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Australia, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Stress, Psychological, Cohort Studies, Prevalence, Dyssomnias, Young Adult
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