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Governance Matters III: Governance Indicators for 1996, 1998, 2000, and 2002

Open access
Kaufmann, D.·2004·The World Bank Economic Review

Abstract

Six dimensions of governance are estimated covering 199 countries and territories for four periods: 1996, 1998, 2000, and 2002. The indicators are based on several hundred individual variables measuring perceptions of governance drawn from 25 data sources constructed by 18 organizations. These individual measures are assigned to categories capturing key dimensions of governance. An unobserved-components model is used to construct six aggregate governance indicators in each of the four periods. Point estimates of the dimensions of governance are provided as well as the margins of errors for each country for the four periods. Methodological issues are also addressed, including tests for potential biases, and the interpretation and use of the data, given the estimated margins of errors for the indicators. The data and a Web-based graphical interface are available online at www.worldbank.org/wbi/governance/govdata2002/index.html .

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Metadata

Authors
Kaufmann, D.
Venue
The World Bank Economic Review
Published
2004-01-02
Volume
18
Issue
2
Pages
253-287
ISSN
  • 0258-6770 (ISSN-L)
  • 1564-698X
OpenAlex
W2137466112
Cited by
857
References
1
FWCI
226.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Governance Matters III: Governance Indicators for 1996, 1998, 2000, and 2002. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/wber/lhh041
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Kaufmann, D. (2004). Governance Matters III: Governance Indicators for 1996, 1998, 2000, and 2002. The World Bank Economic Review. https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhh041

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