Cited by 175Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth FactorsHypothalamic control of reproductive hormonesReproductive Biology and Fertility

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The Consequences of Altered Somatotropic System on Reproduction1

Chandrashekar, Varadaraj, Zaczek, Denise, Bartke, Andrzej·2004·Biology of Reproduction

DOI 10.1095/biolreprod.103.027060

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Abstract

Although the primary control of gonadotropin secretion is by the hypothalamic GnRH and the gonadal function is controlled by the pituitary gonadotropins and prolactin, the emerging evidence suggests a vital role of the somatotropic axis, growth hormone (GH), and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in the control of the pituitary and gonadal functions. It has been shown that GH deficiency, GH resistance, and experimental alterations in IGF-I secretion modify folliculogenesis, ovarian maturation, ovulation, and pregnancy, and in the male, GH/IGF-I plays an important role in spermatogenesis and the Leydig cell function. The primary focus of this review is to examine the role of GH/ IGF-I on the onset of puberty, fertility, pituitary, and gonadal endocrine functions. A number of studies have revealed that fertility is affected in GH-deficient dwarf and in IGF-I gene-ablated mice, possibly due to subnormal function of either the pituitary gland or the gonads. In the female GH receptor gene knockout (GHR-KO) mice, there was impairment in follicular development, ovulation rate, sexual maturation, production of and responsiveness to pheromonal signals, and the corpus luteum function. In IGF-I-deficient male GHR-KO mice, puberty is delayed, spermatogenesis is affected, and neuroendocrine-gonadal function is attenuated. Similarly, in some of the human Laron syndrome patients, puberty is delayed due to GH resistance. These data suggest that, in addition to GnRH and gonadotropins, GH/IGF-I influences the pituitary and gonadal functions in animals and humans.

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Rebeis, L. M., Baruselli, P. S., Harden, H., Perez, A. A., Dalalio, M., Fosado, M., Moreno, J. F., Ross, P., & Gomez-León, V. (2026) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2026-28503

Authors: Chandrashekar, V., Zaczek, D., & Bartke, A.
Affiliations: Southern Illinois University Carbondale (US)
ORCID: Bartke, Andrzej
Venue: Biology of Reproduction
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2004-07-01
Volume: 71
Issue: 1
Pages: 17-27
ISSN: 0006-3363 (ISSN-L)
1529-7268
DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.027060
OpenAlex: W2066929307
Cited by: 175
References: 149
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 1.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Biology of Reproduction (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
BioOne Complete (BioOne) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (1r15hd037950-01a1, 5r03hd037672-02)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-37672, HD-37950)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
Keywords: growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor I, somatotropic axis, puberty onset, fertility, folliculogenesis, ovulation, spermatogenesis, Leydig cell function, pituitary gonadotropin secretion, growth hormone receptor knockout mice, Laron syndrome, GH resistance, dwarfism, corpus luteum, gonadal function
MeSH terms: Animals, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Reproduction, Growth Hormone

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The Consequences of Altered Somatotropic System on Reproduction1

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