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DNA Packaging and Organization in Mammalian Spermatozoa: Comparison with Somatic Cell
Abstract
Mammalian sperm DNA is the most tightly compacted eukaryotic DNA, being at least sixfold more highly condensed than the DNA in mitotic chromosomes. To achieve this high degree of packaging, sperm DNA interacts with protamines to form linear, side-by-side arrays of chromatin. This differs markedly from the bulkier DNA packaging of somatic cell nuclei and mitotic chromosomes, in which the DNA is coiled around histone octamers to form nucleosomes. The overall organization of mammalian sperm DNA, however, resembles that of somatic cells in that both the linear arrays of sperm chromatin and the 30-nm solenoid filaments of somatic cell chromatin are organized into loop domains attached at their bases to a nuclear matrix. In addition to the sperm nuclear matrix, sperm nuclei contain a unique structure termed the sperm nuclear annulus to which the entire complement of DNA appears to be anchored when the nuclear matrix is disrupted during decondensation. In somatic cells, proper function of DNA is dependent upon the structural organization of the DNA by the nuclear matrix, and the structural organization of sperm DNA is likely to be just as vital to the proper functioning of the spermatozoa.
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Citations
Cited by
EVENSON, D. P., LARSON, K. L., & JOST, L. K. (2002) · Journal of Andrology · doi:10.1002/j.1939-4640.2002.tb02599.x · Cited by 1,072
Single-nucleus Hi-C reveals unique chromatin reorganization at oocyte-to-zygote transition
Flyamer, I. M., Gassler, J., Imakaev, M., Brandão, H. B., Ulianov, S. V., Abdennur, N., Razin, S. V., Mirny, L. A., & Tachibana-Konwalski, K. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature21711 · Cited by 753
Epigenetic reprogramming during early development in mammals
Santos, F., & Dean, W. (2004) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/rep.1.00221 · Cited by 411
Altered protamine expression and diminished spermatogenesis: what is the link?
Carrell, D. T., Emery, B. R., & Hammoud, S. (2007) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dml057 · Cited by 386
Sperm epigenetics and influence of environmental factors
Donkin, I., & Barrès, R. (2018) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2018.02.006 · Cited by 331
Metadata
- Authors
- Steven Ward, W., & Coffey, D. S.
- Venue
- Biology of Reproduction
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1991-04-01
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 569-574
- ISSN
- 0006-3363 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-7268
- OpenAlex
- W2130732086
- Cited by
- 703
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 13.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Steven Ward, W., & Coffey, D. S. (1991). DNA Packaging and Organization in Mammalian Spermatozoa: Comparison with Somatic Cell. Biology of Reproduction. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod44.4.569
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