3,5‐Diiodo‐ L ‐thyronine powerfully reduces adiposity in rats by increasing the burning of fats
Open accessAbstract
The effect of thyroid hormones on metabolism has long supported their potential as drugs to stimulate fat reduction, but the concomitant induction of a thyrotoxic state has greatly limited their use. Recent evidence suggests that 3,5‐diiodo‐ L ‐thyronine (T 2 ), a naturally occurring iodothyronine, stimulates metabolic rate via mechanisms involving the mitochondrial apparatus. We examined whether this effect would result in reduced energy storage. Here, we show that T 2 administration to rats receiving a high‐fat diet (HFD) reduces both adiposity and body weight gain without inducing thyrotoxicity. Rats receiving HFD + T 2 showed (when compared with rats receiving HFD alone) a 13% lower body weight, a 42% higher liver fatty acid oxidation rate, ∼50% less fat mass, a complete disappearance of fat from the liver, and significant reductions in the serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels (−52% and −18%, respectively). Thyroid hormones and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) serum levels were not influenced by T 2 administration. The biochemical mechanism underlying the effects of T 2 on liver metabolism involves the carnitine palmitoyl‐transferase system and mitochondrial uncoupling. If the results hold true for humans, pharmacological administration of T 2 might serve to counteract the problems associated with overweight, such as accumulation of lipids in liver and serum, without inducing thyrotoxicity. However, the results reported here do not exclude deleterious effects of T 2 on a longer time scale as well as do not show that T 2 acts in the same way in humans.
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Heart rate did not differ among the groups.
“Heart rate did not differ among the groups (Fig. 1F), as described previously (Lanni et al. 2005).”
From Administration of 3,5-diiodothyronine (3,5-T2) causes central hypothyroidism and stimulates thyroid-sensitive tissues (2014) · cites this paper as Lanni et al. 2005
25 μg of 3,5-T2/100 g BW reduces body mass gain and adiposity of rats.
“On the other hand, Lanni et al. (2005) showed that 25 μg of 3,5-T2/100 g BW were indeed able to reduce the body mass gain and adiposity of rats, whereas no changes in serum free T4 were detected in animals subjected to a high-fat diet and treated with 3,5-T2.”
From Administration of 3,5-diiodothyronine (3,5-T2) causes central hypothyroidism and stimulates thyroid-sensitive tissues (2014) · cites this paper as Lanni et al. (2005)
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Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Braverman, L. E., and Utiger, R. D. (2000) Introduction to thyrotoxicosis. In The Thyroid. Werner and Ingbar, eds) p. 515-517, Lippincott, Philadelphia, PA
- O'Reilly, I., and Murphy, M. P. (1992) Studies on the rapid stimulation of mitochondrial respiration by thyroid hormones. Acta Endocrinol. (Copenh.) 127, 542-546
- Abu-Elheiga, L., Brinkley, W. R., Zhong, L., Chirala, S. S., Woldegiorgis, G., and Wakil, S. J. (2000) The subcellular localization of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 1444-1449
- Oh, S. S., and Kaplan, M. L. (1994) Early treatment of obese (ob/ob) mice with triiodothyronine increases oxygen consumption and temperature and decreases body fat content. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 207, 260-267
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Self-citationPadron, A. S., Neto, R. A. L., Pantaleão, T. U., de Souza dos Santos, M. C., Araujo, R. L., de Andrade, B. M., da Silva Leandro, M., de Castro, J. P. S. W., Ferreira, A. C. F., & de Carvalho, D. P. (2014) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-13-0502 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lanni, A., Moreno, M., Lombardi, A., De Lange, P., Silvestri, E., Ragni, M., Farina, P., Baccari, G. C., Fallahi, P., Antonelli, A., & Goglia, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (IT)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali Università degli Studi del Sannio 82100 Benevento
- University of Naples Federico II (IT)
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita Seconda Università di Napoli 81100 Caserta
- University of Sannio (IT)
- University of Pisa (IT)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The FASEB Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-07-12
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1552-1554
- ISSN
- 0892-6638 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6860
- OpenAlex
- W2145585333
- Cited by
- 134
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- The FASEB Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa) (submittedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (MIUR-COFIN 2004, COFIN 2004, 2004053441)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine, iodothyronines, thyroid hormones, adiposity, fat oxidation, high-fat diet, hepatic lipid accumulation, carnitine palmitoyltransferase, mitochondrial uncoupling, energy metabolism, weight gain, serum triglycerides, cholesterol
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Animals, Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase, Cholesterol, Dietary Fats, Diiodothyronines, Energy Metabolism, Fatty Acids, Fatty Liver, Liver, Male, Mitochondria, Liver, Multienzyme Complexes, Oxidation-Reduction, Phosphorylation, Triglycerides, Weight Gain, Rats, Wistar, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Adiposity, Rats, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
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