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Cited by 64Anesthesia and Sedative AgentsNeural dynamics and brain functionAnesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Thiopental Uncouples Hippocampal and Cortical Synchronized Electroencephalograpbic Activity

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MacIver, Bruce M., Mandema, Jaap W., Stanski, Donald R., Bland, Brian H.·1996·Anesthesiology
DOI 10.1097/00000542-199606000-00018
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Abstract

Background: Thiopental produces a concentration-dependent continuum of effects on the cortical electroencephalogram (EEG) that has been linked to behavioral measures of anesthetic depth. The complexity of the response, however, limits a clear insight into the neurophysiologic actions of thiopental. The current study investigated thiopental actions on cortical EEG and hippocampal electrical activity, to determine whether similar effects occur on both structures and to compare synchronized activity between these structures. Methods: Thiopental was administered intravenously via an implanted catheter in freely moving rats. Arterial blood oxygen/carbon dioxide concentration, thiopental concentrations, and temperature were monitored and controlled. Neocortical EEG was recorded from implanted dural surface electrodes and hippocampal neuron electrical activity was recorded from stereotaxically placed microelectrodes. Pharmacokinetic models were used to determine effect site concentrations. Results: Thiopental produced an increase in EEG frequency and amplitude at low concentrations (15-20 micrograms/ml total plasma, approximately 10 microM unbound), which produced a loss of righting reflex. This was followed by a frequency decrease and burst suppression activity at higher concentrations (50-80 micrograms/ml, approximately 60 microM), which produced a loss of tail pinch and corneal reflexes. Higher concentrations of thiopental ( > 60 micrograms/ml) uncoupled synchronized burst discharges recorded in hippocampus and cortex. Isoelectric EEG activity was associated with concentrations of 70-90 micrograms/ml (approximately 80 microM) and a deep level of anesthesia; motor reflexes were abolished, although cardiovascular reflexes remained. In all frequency bands, similar concentration-EEG effect relationships were observed for cortical and hippocampal signals, only differing in the magnitude of response. A reversed progression of effects was observed on recovery. Conclusions: The results confirm earlier findings in humans and animals and demonstrate that both the hippocampus and neocortex exhibit burst suppression and isoelectric activity during thiopental anesthesia. Thiopental-induced synchronized burst activity was depressed by progressively higher concentrations. The lost synchronization suggests a depression of synaptic coupling between cortical structures contributes to anesthesia.

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  • Anesthetics modulate presynaptic neurotransmitter release as an intrinsic component of their actions.

    “A number of studies point to an important role for anesthetics in modulating presynaptic neurotransmitter release as an intrinsic component of their actions [78–80].”

    From The Biology of General Anesthesia from Paramecium to Primate (2019) · cites this paper as [78]

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Research works printed but not linked: 6

  1. [3]3. macodynamic modeling of thiopental anesthesia. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 1984; 12:223-40
  2. [8]8. spinal cord transection in rats. ANESTHEsIOLOGY 1994; 80:606–10
  3. [15]15. Gustafsson LL, Ebling WF, Osaki E, Stanski DR: Plasma concentration clamping in the rat using a computer-controlled infusion pump. ANESTHESIOLOGY 1996; 84:415-27
  4. [20]20. Meador KJ, Thompson JL, Loring DW, Murro AM, King DW, Gallagher BB, Lee GP, Smith JR, Flanigin HF: Behavioral state-specific changes in human hippocampal theta activity. Neurology 1991; 41: 869-72
  5. [31]31. Lukatch HS, MacIver MB: Synaptic mechanisms of thiopentalinduced EEG alterations. ANESTHEsIOLOGY 1996; 84:1425-34
  6. [41]41. Mori K: Excitation and depression of CNS electrical activities induced by general anesthetics, Proceedings of 5th World Congress of Anaesthesiology. Edited by Miyasaki M, Iwatsuki K, Fujita M. Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1973, pp 40–53

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Metadata

Authors
MacIver, B. M., Mandema, J. W., Stanski, D. R., & Bland, B. H.
ORCID
Mandema, Jaap W.
Venue
Anesthesiology
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
1996-06-01
Volume
84
Issue
6
Pages
1411-1424
ISSN
0003-3022 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/00000542-199606000-00018
OpenAlex
W2079501860
Cited by
64
References
42
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
FWCI
6.77
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Anesthesiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01ag004594-11, 5r29gm049811-05)
  • National Institute on Aging (AG-04594)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM49811)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
Keywords
thiopental, depth of anesthesia, burst suppression, isoelectric EEG, synaptic coupling, righting reflex, corneal reflex, anesthesia recovery, rats
MeSH terms
Animals, Cerebral Cortex, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Electroencephalography, Fourier Analysis, Hippocampus, Male, Synapses, Thiopental, Rats, Wistar, Anesthetics, Intravenous, Rats

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