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Decreased bone mineral density in HIV-infected patients is independent of antiretroviral therapy
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the alterations in the bone metabolism of HIV-seropositive patients and evaluate the effects of antiretroviral therapies. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analytical study. METHOD AND MATERIALS: A total of 142 subjects (113 male, 29 female), aged 20-45 years were divided into four groups: group A, 33 HIV-seropositive antiretroviral-naive patients; group B1, 36 HIV-seropositive patients on antiviral therapy for over 1 year, without protease inhibitors (PI); group B2, 42 HIV-seropositive patients on combined therapy containing PI for over 1 year; and group C, 15 healthy, HIV-seronegative subjects. Bone mineral density (BMD) were determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in total body, lumbar spine and proximal femur; and evaluation of serum osteocalcin, d-pyridinoline, parathyroid hormone (THP), calcium and phosphate, and urine calcium. RESULTS: BMD was significantly lower in HIV-seropositive patients in comparison with healthy controls, in all sites studied. However, no statistical differences were observed among all groups of HIV-infected patients, independently of the antiretroviral therapy. There was a significantly higher occurrence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in HIV-infected patients in comparison with controls (P < 0.0001), with no differences among treatment-naive patients and either of the treatment groups. Bone formation and resorption markers were similar among all studied groups. There was a significant correlation in all bone sites between time of infection and BMD (P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: BMD was significantly lower in HIV-seropositive patients in comparison with controls in lumbar spine, proximal femur and total body, without significant differences among treatment-naive patients and either of the treatment groups. Only time with HIV infection and not specific therapy was associated with BMD decreases.
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“HIV patients are consistently reported to display reduced BMD and increased risk of developing osteoporosis, although there is some divergence as to whether this phenomenon occurs due to the HIV retrovirus or protease inhibitor therapy (Tebas et al, 2000; Bruera et al, 2003; Amiel et al, 2004; Brown & Qaqish, 2006).”
From The struggle of a good friend getting old: cellular senescence in viral responses and therapy (2021) · cites this paper as Bruera et al, 2003
In the citing paper
“HIV patients are consistently reported to display reduced BMD and increased risk of developing osteoporosis, although there is some divergence as to whether this phenomenon occurs due to the HIV retrovirus or protease inhibitor therapy (Tebas et al, 2000; Bruera et al, 2003; Amiel et al, 2004; Brown & Qaqish, 2006).”
From The struggle of a good friend getting old: cellular senescence in viral responses and therapy (2021) · cites this paper as Bruera et al, 2003
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bruera, D., Luna, N., David, D. O., Bergoglio, L. M., & Zamudio, J.
- Affiliations
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (AR)
- Venue
- AIDS
- Published
- 2003-09
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 1917-1923
- ISSN
- 0269-9370 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2086774058
- Cited by
- 240
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 14.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- AIDS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Keywords
- HIV infection, bone mineral density, antiretroviral therapy, protease inhibitors, osteopenia, osteoporosis, bone metabolism, bone formation markers, bone resorption markers, osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone, duration of HIV infection
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anthropometry, Bone Diseases, Metabolic, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Femur Neck, Humans, Lumbar Vertebrae, Male, Middle Aged, Osteoporosis, Time Factors, Absorptiometry, Photon, Bone Density, HIV Infections, Anti-HIV Agents
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