Cited by 164Bone Metabolism and DiseasesBone health and osteoporosis researchEstrogen and related hormone effects

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Mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.

Canalis, Ernesto·2003·Current Opinion in Rheumatology

DOI 10.1097/00002281-200307000-00013

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Abstract

Glucocorticoids modify osteoblastic cell differentiation, number, and function. Glucocorticoids stimulate osteoclastogenesis and increase the expression of receptor activator of Nuclear factor-kappaB ligand and colony-stimulating factor-1, and decrease the expression of osteoprotegerin. However, the most significant effect of glucocorticoids in bone is an inhibition of bone formation. This inhibition is caused by a decrease in the number of osteoblasts secondary to a shift in the differentiation of mesenchymal cells away from the osteoblastic lineage, and an increase in the death of mature osteoblasts. Glucocorticoids decrease the function of the remaining osteoblasts directly and indirectly through the inhibition of insulin-like growth factor I expression. The stimulation of bone resorption is likely responsible for the initial bone loss after glucocorticoid exposure. Eventually, the inhibition of bone formation will cause a decrease in bone remodeling and a continued increased risk of fractures.

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Authors: Canalis, E.
Affiliations: University of Connecticut (US)
Corresponding author: Canalis, Ernesto
ORCID: Canalis, Ernesto
Venue: Current Opinion in Rheumatology
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2003-07
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Pages: 454-457
ISSN: 1040-8711 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/00002281-200307000-00013
OpenAlex: W3005079460
Cited by: 164
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 0.70
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Current Opinion in Rheumatology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK045227, DK 45227)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Keywords: glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, osteogenic differentiation, osteoclastogenesis, RANKL, CSF-1, osteoprotegerin, bone formation inhibition, osteoblast apoptosis, mesenchymal differentiation, insulin-like growth factor I, bone resorption, bone remodeling, fracture risk
MeSH terms: Animals, Bone Resorption, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts, Osteogenesis, Osteoporosis, Mice

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Mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.

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