CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 1,074Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationPain Management and TreatmentPain Mechanisms and Treatments

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 114 of the 114 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Chronic Pain-Associated Depression: Antecedent or Consequence of Chronic Pain? A Review

Fishbain, David A., Cutler, Robert, Rosomoff, Hubert L., Rosomoff, Renee Steele·1997·The Clinical Journal of Pain
DOI 10.1097/00002508-199706000-00006
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the current status for the association of chronic pain and depression and to review the evidence for whether depression is an antecedent or consequence of chronic pain (CP). DESIGN: A computer and manual literature review yielded 191 studies that related to the pain-depression association. These reports were reviewed and sorted into seven categories relating to the topic of this paper. Eighty-three studies were then selected according to inclusion criteria and subjected to a structured review. SETTING: Any medical treatment setting including pain treatment as inclusion criteria for selection of studies. PATIENTS: Any patients with any type of chronic pain. RESULTS: The reviewed studies were consistent in indicating that there is a statistical relationship between chronic pain and depression. For the relationship between pain and depression, there was greater support for the consequence and scar hypotheses than the antecedent hypothesis. CONCLUSIONS: Depression is more common in chronic pain patients (CPPs) than in healthy controls as a consequence of the presence of CP. At pain onset, predisposition to depression (the scar hypothesis) may increase the likelihood for the development of depression in some CPPS. Because of difficulties in measuring depression in the presence of CP, the reviewed studies should be interpreted with caution.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1097/00002508-199706000-00006

Cites

114 of 114 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 111 references

Research works printed but not linked: 11

  1. Turk, 1987, Pain Manage, 1, 17
  2. Dworkin, 1991, Am Pain Soc Bull, &NA;, 7
  3. Smedstad, 1995, J Rheumatol, 22, 514
  4. Breitbart, 1987, Oncology, 1, 49
  5. Breitbart, 1990, New York: Raven Press, 16, 399
  6. Dworkin, 1992, J Abnormal Psychol, 101, 200, 10.1037/0021-843X.101.1.200 · DOI
  7. Skevington, 1994, Seattle: IASP Press, 2, 201
  8. Klerman, 1987, J Clin Psychiatry, 48, 33
  9. Stensman, 1988, Scand J Soc Med, 16, 149, 10.1177/140349488801600305 · DOI
  10. Holm, 1994, Headache, 12, 418
  11. Covington, 1991, Primary Care, 18, 341

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 1,074

Related

Metadata

Authors
Fishbain, D. A., Cutler, R., Rosomoff, H. L., & Rosomoff, R. S.
Affiliations
University of Miami (US)
Corresponding author
  • Fishbain, David A.
  • Cutler, Robert
ORCID
Fishbain, David A.
Venue
The Clinical Journal of Pain
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
1997-06
Volume
13
Issue
2
Pages
116-137
ISSN
0749-8047 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/00002508-199706000-00006
OpenAlex
W2038709220
Cited by
1,074
References
111
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 46 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 52 · 2012: 51
FWCI
1.86
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Clinical Journal of Pain (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Keywords
chronic pain, depression, pain-depression relationship, pain onset
MeSH terms
Brain Chemistry, Chronic Disease, Clinical Trials as Topic, Depression, Humans, Pain

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review