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Childhood Sexual Abuse and Psychiatric Disorder in Young Adulthood: II. Psychiatric Outcomes of Childhood Sexual Abuse
Open accessAbstract
Objective This is the second in a series of articles that describe the prevalence, correlates, and consequences of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) in a birth cohort of more than 1,000 New Zealand children studied to the age of 18 years. This article examines the associations between reports of CSA at age 18 and DSM-IV diagnostic classifications at age 18.Method A birth cohort of New Zealand children was studied at annual intervals from birth to age 16 years. At age 18 years retrospective reports of CSA prior to age 16 and concurrently measured psychiatric symptoms were obtained.Results Those reporting CSA had higher rates of major depression, anxiety disorder, conduct disorder, substance use disorder, and suicidal behaviors than those not reporting CSA (p < .002). There were consistent relationships between the extent of CSA and risk of disorder, with those reporting CSA involving intercourse having the highest risk of disorder. These results persisted when findings were adjusted for prospectively measured childhood family and related factors. Similar but less marked relationships between CSA and nonconcurrently measured disorders were found.Conclusions The findings suggest that CSA, and particularly severe CSA, was associated with increased risk of psychiatric disorder in young adults even when due allowance was made for prospectively measured confounding factors.
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“adolescent alcohol use predicts adult aggression (Fergusson et al. 1996a; Windle 2000; White et al. 2002; Tarter et al. 2004; Zucker et al. 2008; Sher et al. 2011)”
From Decoding the bidirectional links between alcohol misuse and aggression: toward a unified translational framework (2026) · cites this paper as Fergusson et al. 1996a
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“the most severe CSA (i.e. chronic abuse, intra-familial, involving penetration) have been associated with elevated prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders (Fergusson et al. 2008; Fergusson et al. 1996).”
From Mindfulness as Mediator and Moderator of Post-traumatic Symptomatology in Adolescence Following Childhood Sexual Abuse or Assault (2016) · cites this paper as Fergusson et al. 1996
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Metadata
- Authors
- FERGUSSON, D. M., HORWOOD, L. J., & LYNSKEY, M. T.
- Corresponding author
- FERGUSSON, DAVID M.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1996-10
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1365-1374
- ISSN
- 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2057202132
- Cited by
- 826
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 49 · 2012: 38
- FWCI
- 16.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Otago University Research Archive (University of Otago) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Military, Security, and Education Studies
- Keywords
- child sexual abuse, mental illness, early adulthood, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, conduct disorder, substance use disorders, suicidal behavior, birth cohort, retrospective reports, abuse severity, family risk factors
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Mental Disorders, Child, Child Abuse, Sexual, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Longitudinal Studies, Male, New Zealand, Personality Development, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Incidence
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